条约演化解释方法的最新实践及其反思

演化解释俨然已成为条约解释的一个新趋势,但在实践运用中,该方法却存在武断、机械和片面等问题。未遵循条约解释的基本原理是导致这些问题的主要原因。演化解释方法和当时意义解释方法的关系密切,应在综合考虑各个解释要素的基础上,对这两种方法权衡后再作选择。运用演化解释方法,应在条约已有概念的基础上进行,并且不得违背条约的目的和宗旨。演化解释方法的运用可沿循一定的路径进行。     

Policy of decentralization and changing governance of higher education in post‐Mao China

Unlike the Mao era when educational development was entirely directed by the central government, there has been a strong trend to diversification and decentralization of education in the post‐Mao period. This article, being set in this context, examines how the policy of decentralization has affected the governance modes of higher education in Mainland China. More specifically, the article focuses on three major aspects of education governance, namely, financing, provision and regulation in education, with special attention given to examining the changing relations between the state, local governments and other agents in education delivery. One very significant consequence of the change is that the public‐good functions of education, of which the state has taken the primary role of a reliable guarantor, have diminished. Nonetheless, the state's role as a regulator and overall service coordinator has been strengthened rather than weakened under the policy of decentralization. These recent developments in China's higher education also reflect the global trend of decentralization in educational governance. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

论走私制毒物品罪

走私制毒物品罪侵犯的客体为复杂客体，即本罪既侵犯了我国对制毒物品的管制，又侵犯了我国的对外贸易管制。本罪在客观上表现为违反国家规定，逃避海关监管，非法运输、携带醋酸酐、乙醚、三氯甲烷或者其他经常用于制造毒品的原料或者配剂进出境的行为。本罪主体既可以由年满１６周岁具有刑事责任能力的自然人构成，也可以由单位构成。本罪为故意犯罪。     

中国社会政策学科的本土发展——以国际社会政策学科的发展经验为视角

社会政策研究在中国起步很晚,但发展很快.在建设和谐社会的今天,社会政策研究可以为我们寻找中国社会建设的现实途径提供理论导引和选择.在我们推进对于社会政策实践问题的研究时,理论建设不可或缺.本文从学科的规范体系、制度环境和学科制度建设这三方面入手,就中国社会政策学科的建设及其发展环境进行探讨.     

Years of life lost from suicide in China, 1990-2000

Suicide is an important public health problem in China: It is the fifth leading cause of death in China, and suicide in China accounts for over 30% of the world's overall suicide deaths. The substantial burden due to suicide has not been well recognized. This study aims to provide an estimate of the socioeconomic burden of the suicide problem in China in terms of years of life lost (YLL) and to discuss its implications. Suicide rates and the related YLL by age, gender, and region (urban/rural) from 1990 to 2000 were estimated using the most recent data from the Ministry of Health of China. The suicide rate in rural China was three times higher than that in urban areas. Suicide completers in rural areas shared 90% of total YLL. Rural women aged 25-39 years contributed the largest share of YLL. Our results show that some population subgroups contributed a disproportionate share to the disease burden of suicide. National strategies for suicide prevention should include targeted programs in catering the need of these specified subgroups in China.     

Lingering environmental pessimism and the role of government in Hong Kong

Based on data from two opinion surveys conducted in 2000 and 2008, this study shows that Hong Kong people have been consistently highly aware of the seriousness of different environmental problems and relatively pessimistic about the future resolution of these problems. Such pessimism is arguably related to their lack of confidence in the government's enforcement of environmental protection. Through an analysis of the environmental policy‐making and enforcement agency and three selected enforcement cases, the study further finds that the people's lack of confidence can be traced to the government's failure to bring about a comprehensive, integrated, far‐sighted environmental strategy with sophisticated institutional support and detailed enforcement mechanisms. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

在改革开放与新的社会阶层论坛上的讲话

这次由中央社会主义学院主办的“改革开放与新的社会阶层论坛”在我省举行，这是中央统战部、中央社会主义学院对我省工作的大力支持，我们感到十分荣幸和极大的鼓舞。在此，我谨代表中共福建省委统战部和福建省社会主义学院，向参加今天论坛的各位领导、各位专家学者、各省市社会主义学院的领导以及我省新的社会阶层人士代表，表示热烈的欢迎并致以诚挚的问候!     

Assessing and managing risk for intimate partner violence: Police employees’ use of the Police Screening Tool for Violent Crimes in Scania

Relapse into intimate partner violence (IPV) can potentially be predicted and counter-measures applied. This study examines the predictive validity of a violence risk assessment tool: the Police Screening Tool for Violent Crimes (PST-VC) among a sample of 65 offenders. All PST-VC assessments regarding IPV that were conducted at the Scania police department in 2010 were included in the sample. Follow-up time was 16–28 months, and all reported incidents with the same victim and suspected offender were recorded. The PST-VC demonstrated limited effect in the ability to identify high-risk offenders and predict repeat victimization. Interventions against the offender and victim protective actions were more often recommended in high-risk cases but did not lower the number of IPV relapses. The study suggests that the PST-VC is not a promising instrument.