Psychological obstacles to administrative responsibility: Lessons of the MOVE disaster

Investigative bodies and other observers have attributed much of the blame for the 1985 MOVE catastrophe in Philadelphia to ineffective management by the city's previously successful mayor, W. Wilson Goode. Goode's behavior toward the disruptive extremist group followed two patterns, both paradoxical: protracted delay followed by excessive haste, and arms-length action that contrasted sharply with his usual hands-on management style. Drawing on the theory of decisionmaking developed by Irving Janis and Leon Mann, this paper suggests that both paradoxes resulted from unresolved decisional conflicts that impeded responsible and rational handling of the problem. The case points to the value of devoting more attention to the psychology of decision-making in educating present and future public managers.     

"First pass phenomenon" of inhaled gas in the fire victims

We investigated the differences in the levels of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), cyanide (HCN) and petroleum fuels (gasoline and kerosene) between left and right ventricular bloods from fire victims. COHb was slightly, and HCN and petroleum fuels were markedly higher levels in the left than those in the right. These effects were so called 'first pass phenomena' due to the circulation, diffusion and metabolization before the deaths of fire victims.     

The use of either the nose or outer ear as a means of determining the postmortem period of a human corpse.

Presented in this paper are the initial results involving the use of the nose or outer ear as temperature measurement sites to determine the postmortem period of the human corpse. Simple mathematical models for both sites are developed based on cooling curves of five corpses. Analysis of errors between actual and calculated postmortem intervals suggest that in its present form, the described methods would not be suitable for use in accurately determining the time since death of human corpses.     

价值投资理性与方法

价值投资是在市场上寻找公司市值或金融投资工具市值跌破其内在价值的机会,进行相应的公司购并、金融投资工具购入并长期持有,以期获得投资收益的长线投资行为或战略投资行为。价值投资理念是成熟的证券市场所必须的投资理念,价值投资方法应当得到应有的重视。     

Dissecting intramural haematoma of the coronary artery with intimal tears.

A dissecting intramural haematoma of the coronary artery is an infrequent cause of sudden and unexpected death. Most cases are women and in a significant number of these women, the haematoma occurred at term to 80 days postpartum. Because the intimal rupture and communication with the lumen were not found in most of the cases, the site of rupture has been considered to be a vasa vasorum. The authors report on a case of one woman who was at a later postpartum period (106 days). The microscopic finding of the dissected coronary artery revealed two intimal tears in a section. The case showed that the dissecting intramural haematoma of the coronary artery is caused not only by the rupture of the vasa vasorum but also by the rupture of the intima.     

Symposium: Policy analysis for congress. Policy analysis for congress: Lengthening the time horizon

Policy analysis for the Congress is a timely subject. Several policy initiatives have emerged recently from the “first branch.” Others have demonstrated an independent capacity for analysis that is impressive by historical standards. This article introduces a practitioner symposium of three related works on policy analysis for Congress, with appropriate commentary by a distinguished veteran. It argues that because timing is crucial in the congressional policy process, anticipation and advance preparation are central to the effective use of analysis. The other articles illustrate the stages of advance preparation—of the policy analyst, the congressional environment, and the Member for voting—in the form of case studies.     

南非教育的改革与发展

1994年以来,南非新政府把提高全民教育水平作为基本政策,旨在实现社会经济可持续发展。新制度的确立使种族主义教育成为历史,教育部门的变革和重建随即展开。新政府的重要任务是促进建立统一、公平、高质量的国家教育体制,使所有南非国民能够平等地接受教育。尤其重视改善在种族隔离制度下受到歧视的非洲黑人的受教育条件,以增强他们在社会经济中的竞争力。     

突出农民主体地位推进社会主义新农村建设

党的十六届五中全会明确指出,建设社会主义新农村是我国现代化进程中的重大历史任务。刚刚闭幕的中央农村工作会议也强调,必须站在全局的高度,把建设社会主义新农村作为现代化进程中的一项重要历史使命,成为全党全社会的共同认识和共同行动。2006年是我国实施“十一五”规划的开局之年,如何使社会主义新农村建设开好头,起好步,是摆在我们各级党委政府面前一项重大而紧迫的理论和实践课题。在推进社会主义新农村建设的进程中,要紧紧围绕五中全会提出的“生产发展、生活宽裕、乡风文明、村容整洁、管理民主”的总体目标和要求,始终突出农民群…     

保持农牧区党员先进性教育的思考

开展保持农牧区党员先进性教育活动,是新世纪新阶段加强和改进党的建设的基础性工程,是全面贯彻落实"三个代表"重要思想的重要载体.开展农牧区党员的先进性教育,必须要建立和完善教育管理机制,从根本上抓好思想上的教育提高,突出解决好党性、工作作风、素质、精神状态等方面的问题,使农牧区党员真正成为推动本地经济发展的引导者、示范者和实践者.