BRICS Go for Gold

正With contracts for 28 projects worth some 13.4 billion yuan($2.1 billion) signed, an innovation base for BRICS partners on the new industrial revolution was unveiled to the public in Xiamen, Fujian Province, on September 7. The announcement took place at a forum on the sidelines of the 21 st China International Fair for Investment and Trade, running from September 8 to 11.     

中国农村政治化行政机制的生成背景与实现方式

自新中国成立到改革开放以前，中国农村的行政机制总体呈现政治化的特征，集中表现为农村行政在执政党的直接组织和推动下运行以及国家行政与农村政治整合过程的高度融合。政治化行政机制的生成背景是中国共产党领导下的现代国家建构过程，其具体实现方式是建立在高度集权的政治体制和行政体制基础之上的动员、任务和命令。政治化行政机制在很大程度上保证和促进了新中国的国家现代化进程，也使执政党、国家、社会尤其是广大农民付出了一定程度的代价，并且为国家后来的发展留下了不少隐患。     

后土地财政时期减支增收的财税法律规制

后土地财政时期出现的财税现实困境暴露出过往经济发展失衡的问题,究其根源,无疑是现存财税制度的供给无法有效应对后土地财政时期的预期。面对财税领域特别是地方财政增量减少的窘况,并不能一味以外延式增加地方财政收入的方式来解决。应以财税制度供给侧结构性改革为指导,转变“全能政府”的传统观念,运用财税衡平理念和理论,强化内涵式减支增收财税法制供给与实施保障。只有矫正过往稀缺财税资源粗放使用的痼疾,使财税资源集约化配置,才能产生有效率的高质量经济发展功效。应通过财税衡平法律机制的纠偏,优化财富分配的社会实质公平效能,最终实现新时代社会和谐与经济可持续发展的理想目标。     

Laying Bricks For the Future

After breakfast, Li Tianchao, a 6-year-old boy, and his older sister will walk a few hundred meters to Xiaoxian Primary School, where he attends the affiliated kindergarten. Along the way, he will meet his classmates popping out from the old wooden houses scattered along the mountain road.     

全球贸易保护主义、"一带一路"倡议与中韩经贸合作

中韩建交以来,双方经贸合作基本处于不断深化的态势并发展成为重要贸易伙伴关系.当前全球经济下行压力不断加大导致贸易保护主义盛行,中美贸易摩擦、日韩贸易冲突等对中韩未来经济发展产生负面影响.中国与韩国同属外向型经济体,受国际市场环境影响较大,为应对全球贸易保护主义"抬头"的冲击,两国可以通过强化战略对接、创造新合作机遇以及共同开拓第三方市场等方式深化经贸合作,以共同维护国际市场稳定、国内市场开放并稳定国内经济增长.     

Volatile Organic Compounds,Spectral Characterization and Morphology of Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil (ANFO) Samples

Ammonium nitrate fuel oil is an explosive mixture found in most antipersonnel landmines (APL) buried throughout the Colombian territory. During more than 50 years of internal conflict, the Colombian government has found that trained dogs are the most effective method to detect APL. However, the olfactive signature in ANFO is unknown and also if there are differences in detection related to the explosive manufacturing origin. Therefore, this work begins with the analytical validation of the method used to determine ammonia, in its derivatized form as carbamate, released by home-made ANFO using HS-SPME-GC-FID. Once validated, the method was used to identify ammonia and other organic volatile compounds present in ANFO, under laboratory and simulated field conditions. The validation process includes the evaluation of the optimum conditions for the derivation and extraction of butylcarbamate, the determination of the working ranges with linear response in FID, the limits of detection and quantification, the sensitivity, and the precision. The results of the validation established linearity and sensitivity in a concentration between 20 and 120 mg/L, as well as low limits of detection and quantification of 6.4 and 21.4 mg/L, respectively. Also, an intermediate precision of 11% for butylcarbamate with a repeatability of 8%. The validated method showed in real samples of home-made ANFO besides ammonia, the presence of low molecular methylamines, and also exhibited differences in volatile compositions according to the origin. The objective of this work is to offer a reliable analytical methodology for the extraction and analysis of volatile compounds from ANFO.     

Postmortem Computed Tomography in Firearm Homicides: A Retrospective Case Series,

Postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) is integrated into the evaluation of decedents in several American medical examiner offices and medicolegal death investigative centers in many other countries. We retrospectively investigated the value of PMCT in a series of firearm homicide cases from a statewide centralized medical examiner’s office that occurred during 2016. Autopsies were performed or supervised by board-certified forensic pathologists who reviewed the PMCT scans prior to autopsy. PMCT scans were re-evaluated by a forensic radiologist blinded to the autopsy findings and scored by body region (head–neck, thoracoabdominal, and extremities). Injury discrepancies were scored using a modified Goldman classification and analyzed with McNemar’s test. We included 60 males and 20 females (median age 31 years, range 3–73). Based on PMCT, 56 (79.1%) cases had injuries relevant to the cause of death in a single body region (24 head–neck region, 32 thoracoabdominal region). Out of these 56 cases, 9 had a missed major diagnosis by PMCT outside that region, including 6 extremity injuries visible during standard external examination. Yet all had evident lethal firearm injury. We showed that PMCT identifies major firearm injuries in homicide victims and excludes injuries related to the cause of death in other regions when a single body region is injured. Although PMCT has a known limited sensitivity for soft tissue and vascular pathology, it can be combined with external examination to potentially reduce or focus dissections in some of these cases depending on the circumstances and medicolegal needs.     

DRD3基因对精神分裂症研究的法医学意义

阐明精神分裂症的病因和发病机制是医学面临的重要挑战之一,同时也是法医司法鉴定的重要内容之一。精神分裂症的多巴胺假说认为多巴胺能系统的失调是精神分裂症的病因,DRD3基因在脑中的区域性高表达以及其与众多精神疾病的阳性关联提示其在精神分裂症中的潜在重要性。本文综述了DRD3基因在精神分裂症的群体遗传学、动物模型和在人源细胞表达情况的研究现状,认为DRD3基因参与精神分裂症的发病机制并且在未来可能作为一个重要的遗传学指标而应用到法医精神病学的鉴定当中。