‘Whiteness,’ criminality,and the double standards of deviance/social control

White criminality is increasingly defined and controlled via the medical model. This is made possible by the white racial frame, which constructs ‘whiteness’ as normative and white deviance as individual aberration or mental illness. Conversely, the white racial frame constructs Blackness as synonymous with criminality. Media depictions of crime and criminals play a central role in furthering this framing, which provides the underlying legitimation for disparities in social control. The result is double standards of definition and control which medicalize whiteness and criminalize Blackness. This differential framing of whiteness and Blackness provides the foundation for the expansion of both the medical and prison industrial complexes, which are characterized by real racial differences despite comparable patterns of deviance across racial lines.     

刑法框架下见危不助犯罪化的具体考量

基于刑事一体化的要求,刑事立法也应从"一体化"的要求出发,在研制出法律文本的同时顾及司法与守法的可能。通过对见危不助犯罪化的刑事立法本身及其在法律实践中的实际效果进行分析与研究表明,将见危不助行为犯罪化的做法,无法在法益判断上寻求到立法的根据,司法实践中也会遭遇无法解决的困难。将道德纳入刑法体系,未必见得公民便能确立对法律的忠诚,刑法并不是我们在规制见危不助行为方面所能达致的普遍共识。     

我国刑法应增设交通肇事逃逸罪

当下,交通肇事后肇事者逃逸现场的现象有增无减,这给人们的生命、安全造成极大威胁。德国、日本、加拿大等国家的刑法典对交通肇事后的逃逸行为进行独立的刑法评价,成立驾驶交通工具肇事逃逸罪。我国刑法典将逃逸行为依附于交通肇事罪,然而,交通肇事逃逸行为有自己独立的罪质,理应对其独立犯罪化。我国刑法应借鉴其他国家的做法,使逃逸行为脱离交通肇事罪,增设交通肇事逃逸罪。