欠发达地区农民增收难的原因及解决对策——以江西省抚州市为例

欠发达地区农民增收受到多种因素限制,增收渠道少、难以持续、土地经营规模小、农业比较效益差及农业基础设施薄弱等是主要原因。完善政策机制、改善农业生产条件、推进产业化经营及加快小城镇建设等措施,不失为解决当前欠发达地区农民增收难的好对策。     

影响农民增收的制度因素浅析

农民收入增长缓慢已成为当前农村发展的突出矛盾。农民能否增收与国家支持农业的政策和有关制度有着深层次的联系,政策和制度强烈地影响着农民的经济命运和社会地位。农民增收应改革户籍制度对农民社会地位的隐性限制;农民增收要消除乡村组织制度对农民利益的损益剥夺;农民增收应对的县乡组织制度创新要树立小政府大服务的理念。     

失地农民的主体性及其权益保障

随着城市化的推进,越来越多的农民将失去土地,成为失地农民。由于政策、法律滞后,造成失地农民主体缺位,权益受损,失地农民在融入城市生活中遇到了前所未有的困难。因此,在城市化的推进中,必须承认、重视失地农民这一特殊主体的地位和作用,保障失地农民的合法权益。     

女性农民土地权益保障问题研究

土地权益是农民的主要权利之一,也是衡量农村男女两性权利平等程度的主要标志。我国女性农民土地权益的保障现状不尽如意,其原因是多方面的,但主要是男权社会的遗毒和民间法对国家法保护女性土地权益的扭曲。纠正这种现象,需要强化女性土地权益平等的观念,健全女性土地权益保护的法律体系,引导民间法走向性别公平与公正,优化土地资源平等的社会环境。     

从法社会学视角看农民失地问题

土地是农民的安身立命之所。农村征地涉及到多方的利益分配,法律、政策、非正式规则之间的搏弈更加剧了这一过程的复杂性。征地所引发的农民失地问题,已严重影响了农村的发展和社会的稳定,由此带来了我国现代化进程的隐患。     

社会主义革命和建设时期党的农民思想政治教育的历史考察

社会主义革命和建设时期中国共产党主动顺应农村形势与任务的发展变化,很快适应了从革命党到执政党的角色转变,围绕党的中心任务开展了内容丰富的农民思想政治教育工作.该时期农民思想政治教育的理论与实践蕴涵着经验、教训,更留给我们深刻的启迪.     

中国共产党早期干部队伍建设的历史条件和特点

中国共产党的干部队伍伴随着党的产生而产生、党的发展而发展。中国的改革开放,又一次震惊了世界,这与中国共产党早期干部队伍建设的历史条件和特点直接相关。中国共产党坚持从国情出发,组建了一支来自工人、农民和先进知识分子的干部队伍;中国共产党的干部队伍在极其艰苦复杂的斗争环境中锻炼成长,形成了一个来自人民、植根于中国大地的领袖群体;实现了知识分子干部工农化,工农干部知识化;人民军队成为中国共产党干部队伍的重要来源和依托,是一支战斗队,又是一支工作队。这些特点决定了中国革命、建设和改革开放的走向。     

The peasants in turmoil: Khmer Rouge,state formation and the control of land in northwest Cambodia

Over the past 15 years, northwest Cambodia has seen dramatic agrarian expansion away from the central rice plain into the peripheral uplands fuelled by peasant in-migration. Against this background, we examine the nature of relations between the peasantry and the state. We first show the historical continuities of land control processes and how the use of violence in a post-conflict neoliberal context has legitimised ex-Khmer Rouge in controlling land distribution. Three case studies show the heterogeneity of local level sovereignties, which engage the peasants in different relations with authority. We examine how these processes result in the construction of different rural territories along the agricultural frontier and argue that, in this region of Cambodia, the struggles between Khmer Rouge and neoliberal modes of land control are central to state formation processes.     

农民增收的金钥匙:优化分工与提升人力资本

农民增收难,根本原因是农民人力资本存量不足、结构不合理,农民被排斥在较高端的分工与分配体系之外。优化分工、提升农民人力资本能带动农民收入增长,带来财富增长效应与财富配给效应。建议大力发展中小企业,促进区域内专业化分工;放开国内市场,着力发展第三产业;增加教育培训等公共品的提供,引导农民契合较高端的社会分工;鼓励农民增加人力资本投资并保障农民收益。     

Power and property: commercialization,enclosures, and the transformation of agrarian relations in Ethiopia

The transnational agrarian social movement Vía Campesina is campaigning to have the United Nations negotiate and implement a Declaration, and eventually an International Convention, on Peasants' Rights. This article analyzes the origins and demands of the campaign and the place of the claimed rights in international law. Peasant organizations hope to follow in the footsteps of indigenous peoples' movements that participated in the negotiations preceding the 2007 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The peasants' rights campaign has succeeded in linking its demands to discussions of the right to food in the United Nations, where concern is growing over the approach of the 2015 target for realizing the Millennium Development Goals, in particular the halving of the numbers of people suffering from hunger. The campaign is likely to face stiff resistance from powerful UN member states, but could achieve substantial advances even if the path to a convention is difficult or never completed.