泥土中植物花粉的提取与检验

目的建立泥土中植物花粉的提取和检验方法。方法用去二甲苯、18%盐酸溶液处理提取泥土中的花粉 ,然后用扫描电镜进行检验。结果从不同的泥土中检出不同花粉。结论本方法能有效分离提取泥土中花粉。对其它混合物中花粉的提取有参考价值。本文介绍一种泥土中花粉提取的简捷方法 ,以及利用扫描电镜 /能谱仪对提取的植物花粉进行检验的方法。     

长江上游流域水土保持生态环境建设模式分析

新时代要求水土保持生态环境建设工作必须走政府管理、宏观调控、投资多元、工程运行良好之路,既治理自然灾害、恢复重建良性生态系统、提高土地生产力和生物生产量,又使治理区在治理水土流失的过程中因地制宜地发展各具特色的水土保持产业,促进区域经济随市场情况变化灵活地进行调整,让水土保持在持续发挥其生态效益和社会效益的同时,使经济、社会和生态三大系统有机协调和同步发展。     

中国基层农村社会中的法治结构分析--从中国农村的乡土性看民间法的法治意义

乡土社会是对中国基层农村社会的本质特征所作的一种概括.乡土社会中的法治结构是国家法与民间法并存的法治二元结构.在现代化法治建设中,我们必须考虑到中国乡土社会的现实状况,在法治二元结构中研究国家法与民间法的相互关系,在重视国家立法的基础上,充分挖掘民间法的法治意义,探索出一条真正适合中国国情的法治发展模式.     

我国土壤污染防治立法研究

我国目前在土壤污染防治方面不仅没有专门性单行法律、法规,而且在《环境保护法》等法律、法规中也只有些零散规定,防治土壤污染的法律基本上是一项空白,缺乏系统的、可操作性的具体法律制度。立法的缺乏直接导致环境管理权的缺乏,这与土壤污染的严峻形势及其防治的实际需要很不相适应,在土壤污染防治问题的原因分析中,几乎都将政策与法律的缺失问题作为最主要原因之一。为了使土壤污染防治有法可依,需要健全和完善土壤污染防治法律、法规体系,目前,最亟需制定的是一部综合性的土壤污染防治的法律,对我国土壤污染防治的目的、基本原则、管理体制和主要制度作出规定。     

羊毛皮张和土壤中炭疽杆菌PCR检测方法的建立

建立了检测炭疽芽孢杆菌染色体特异性基因序列 (Ba813)的PCR技术 ,并用于模拟污染的羊毛、皮张和土壤中炭疽芽孢 (Sterne菌株、PasteurⅡ菌株 )的检测。结果表明 ,该方法可特异、敏感地检出 0 .5 g羊毛中Sterne菌株的 4 5 2个芽孢和PasteurⅡ菌株的 6 88个芽孢 ;0 .5g皮张中Sterne菌株的 4 5 2个芽孢和PasteurⅡ菌株的 10 32个芽孢 ;0 .5 g土壤中Sterne菌株的 4 5 2个芽孢和PasteurⅡ菌株 1376个芽孢。证实PCR可用于羊毛、皮张和土壤等外环境中炭疽杆菌芽孢的检测。     

Understanding Variations of Soil Mapping Units and Associated Data for Forensic Science

Soil samples have potential to be useful in forensic investigations, but their utility may be limited due to the inherent variability of soil properties, the wide array of analytical methods, and complexity of data analysis. This study examined the differentiation of similar soils based on both gross (texture, color, mineralogy) and explicit soil properties (elemental composition, cation exchange, Fe‐oxyhydroxides). Soils were collected from Fallbrook and adjacent map units from Riverside and San Diego Counties in California. Samples were characterized using multiple techniques, including chemical extracts, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results were analyzed using multiple analytical approaches to compare counties and land uses. Some analyses (XRD, extractions) were better at distinguishing among samples than others (color, texture). Ratios of rare earth elements were particularly useful for distinguishing samples between counties. This potential to “fingerprint” soils illustrates the usefulness of a comprehensive soil database for criminal investigators.     

Investigating the Postmortem Molecular Biology of Cartilage and its Potential Forensic Applications

This study investigated the postmortem molecular changes that articular cartilage undergoes following burial. Fresh pig trotters were interred in 30‐cm‐deep graves at two distinct locations exhibiting dissimilar soil environments for up to 42 days. Extracts of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint cartilage from trotters disinterred weekly over 6 weeks were analyzed by Western blot against the monoclonal antibody 2‐B‐6 to assess aggrecan degradation. In both soil conditions, aggrecan degradation by‐products of decreasing molecular size and complexity were observed up to 21 days postmortem. Degradation products were undetected after this time and coincided with MCP/MTP joint exposure to the soil environment. These results show that cartilage proteoglycans undergo an ordered molecular breakdown, the analysis of which may have forensic applications. This model may prove useful for use as a human model and for forensic investigations concerning crimes against animals and the mortality of endangered species.     

桂林西瓜霜微生物限度检查方法的研究

目的:消除桂林西瓜霜在微生物限度检查中的抑菌作用.方法:桂林西瓜霜经离心和薄膜过滤处理后,采用贴膜法进行微生物限度检查.结果:此方法加大肠杆菌的回收率为82.6%,加白色念珠菌的回收率为90.9%,3种控制菌的阳性对照均成立.结论:与现行的法定标准比较,该方法能更好地消除桂林西瓜霜的抑菌作用,得到的结果更为准确、可靠.     

关于搞好我省水土保持与走可持续发展道路的思考

我省水资源枯竭与水土流失的现实严重制约着城乡经济的发展。搞好水土保持是我省全面建设小康社会、走可持续发展之路的必然选择。     

略论我国土壤污染防治法的基本原则

土壤污染防治法的基本原则是贯穿于土壤污染防治法律之中的根本指导思想或准则,是土壤污染防治法的本质与价值的交接点,对于土壤污染防治法的运作具有现实的意义,它也是克服土壤污染防治法成为成文法局限性的有效工具。土壤污染防治法的基本原则包括预防原则、可持续利用原则、污染者付费原则与综合生态系统管理原则,这四项基本原则是一个有机联系的整体。