Applying Stone in a Western Landscape: Ranchers,Conservationists, and Causal Stories in the “American Serengeti”

As the emergence of nongovernmental conservation efforts generates conflict among various stakeholders, the causal story that each party articulates regarding conservation and the causes of land degradation reflects their unique interests. This study uses existing literature to evaluate causal stories surrounding a contemporary conservation effort: Montana's American Prairie Reserve. Through qualitative review of web‐based documents and newspaper articles, it generates a preliminary account of key stakeholders' causal stories. The case study suggests that parties who might be disadvantaged by ascribing responsibility for environmental harms in an adversarial fashion may instead elect to articulate causal stories that are more neutral than existing approaches might forecast. The study concludes by suggesting that further development of causal story literature may enable it to better address contemporary conservation efforts.     

The Stability of 4-Chloromethcathinone in Blood and Vitreous Humor

We present results of our study on the stability of 4-chloromethcathinone (4-CMC) in authentic postmortem peripheral blood and vitreous humor samples. The stability of 4-CMC was determined in postmortem blood samples (for a period of 90 days) and vitreous humor (30 days) at three different temperatures: −15°C, +4°C, and + 23°C. The analyses were carried out using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS). In both materials, the lowest 4-CMC stability was demonstrated at room temperature. The blood samples stored in a freezer (−15°C) showed stability for the entire study period (90 days), while in the case of the vitreous humor sample stored at the same temperature the concentration of the substance decreased by 53% after 30 days. The study carried out in authentic postmortem blood and vitreous humor samples confirms the previous reports of 4-CMC instability in biological material. Authors suggest that the biological material should be stored frozen until analyses are carried out as soon as possible after collection of the material.     

Mobilising the Periphery: Brazil's My House My Life Programme and the Homeless Workers' Movement

Brazil's Movimento de Trabalhadores Sem Teto (MTST, Homeless Workers' Movement) has grown dramatically in recent years. This growth was partly provided for by the use of a large government housing programme, Minha Casa Minha Vida (MCMV, My House My Life), which allowed the MTST to construct housing for its members and swell its ranks with thousands of new members. Yet some have argued that the MCMV programme used by the MTST may compromise the autonomy of civil society organisations. This article, by contrast, argues that while the MCMV programme encouraged bureaucratic practices, it also helped to promote the cultural politics of the MTST.     

September 11th and U.S. Hegemony—Or Will the 21st Century Be American Too?

The tragedy of September 11 highlights the stark contrast between the real and measurable capabilities possessed by one state, and the almost inevitable resentments which the possession of those capabilities engendered in others. The purpose of this article is not to interrogate the strengths and weaknesses of arguments of American decline. Nor is it to speculate at length about September 11th. It is instead to set the scene and try and identify the underlying causes of America's transition from presumed crisis in the 1970s and 1980s to new self-confidence in the 1990s—a self-confidence that some now feel has been shattered by the events of September. While there were important structural reasons why the United States was unlikely to go the way of other powers, it was a peculiar conjuncture of mainly unforeseen developments that combined together after 1989 to improve the U.S. position within the world. We will then move on to discuss the most effective way of characterizing this position. Here, we will mount a defense of the somewhat contentious notion of "hegemony" While recognizing the problems associated with the idea, it will be argued that as a concept it has serious intellectual advantages over its various theoretical competitors. If nothing else, because it focuses on the American role within the world system, rather than just its statically defined position, it is theoretically more suggestive than the less dynamic idea of unipolarity.     

Managing commercial risks in open source software licensing

Legal context: The article reviews the commercial risk allocation clauses intypical open source licence terms and discusses their enforceabilityand implications. Key points: The enforceability of warranty disclaimers and limitation ofliability clauses in common open source licence terms is questionable,particularly in a cross-border context, and commercial licensorsshould take additional steps to protect themselves from down-streamrisks. Practical significance: Open source software presents a number of unusual commercialissues, because it is available free of charge and the providerstry to disclaim warranties and liabilities. End users and resellershave to adjust their own in- and out-licensing models to accommodatethis situation.     

Wer hat einen vom Rechtsvorgänger des Wohnungseigentümers eigenmächtig errichteten,nicht parifizierten Keller zu erhalten?

Nutzt ein Wohnungseigentümer einen eigenm?chtig errichteten Teil seines WE-Objekts (hier: einen von seinem Rechtsvorg?nger ohne Baubewilligung gebauten Keller) ausschlie?lich, ohne dass diese R?umlichkeit in die Nutzwertfestsetzung einbezogen worden ist, handelt es sich zwar um einen allgemeinen Teil der WE-Liegenschaft. Die Erhaltungspflicht (hier: Behebung ernster [Feuchtigkeits-]Sch?den im Keller) trifft aber nicht die Eigentümergemeinschaft, sondern nach § 839 ABGB den ausschlie?lich nutzenden Wohnungseigentümer allein. Auch eine langj?hrige Duldung der ausschlie?lichen Kellerbenützung durch den Wohnungseigentümer vermag die Erhaltungspflicht dieses Raums nicht auf die Eigentümergemeinschaft zu verlagern. Diese Duldung vernichtet lediglich den Beseitigungsanspruch wegen eigenm?chtiger Inanspruchnahme allgemeiner Liegenschaftsteile.     

Umschichtungen im Konzern – keine Änderung der wirtschaftlichen Einflussmöglichkeiten

Keine ?nderung der wirtschaftlichen Einflussm?glichkeiten liegt vor, wenn es zu Anteilsübertragungen oder Umgründungen zwischen konzernverbundenen Gesellschaften kommt, aber sich bei jenen Personen nichts ?ndert, die auf der obersten Ebene den Einfluss ausüben. Derartige Handlungen innerhalb eines Konzernverbunds verwirklichen nicht den Tatbestand des § 12a Abs 3 MRG.     

Anspruch der Eigentümergemeinschaft auf Herausgabe der Verwaltungsunterlagen nach Kündigung des WE-Verwalters

Der gekündigte WE-Verwalter ist verpflichtet, nach beendetem Verwaltungsverh?ltnis der Eigentümergemeinschaft die Original-Verwaltungsunterlagen auch für bereits abgeschlossene Abrechnungsperioden herauszugeben. Der Herausgabeanspruch ist – entgegen der E 5 Ob 115/05f: streitiger Rechtsweg – nach nunmehr gefestigter Rsp auf Grund schlüssiger Verweisung des § 52 Abs 1 Z 6 WEG 2002 im wohnrechtlichen Au?erstreitverfahren geltend zu machen.     

Unternehmensveräußerung – Unternehmensidentität

Zwischen einem ver?u?erten Herrenmodegesch?ft und dem nachfolgenden Vertrieb von Mobiltelefonen besteht keine Unternehmensidentit?t.