清代民族边缘地区宗族组织的形成与乡村社会转型——以鄂西南土家族为中心的考察

以鄂西南土家族社区为例考察民族边缘地区的宗族组织,清代中后期,宗族组织在土著大族的基础上正式形成,并呈现出与汉族社会趋同的特征,在乡村社会中发挥着基层控制的作用,体现了民族边缘地区乡村社会转型的进程。     

COMMUNITY ACCOUNTABILITY,MINORITY THREAT,AND POLICE BRUTALITY: AN EXAMINATION OF CIVIL RIGHTS CRIMINAL COMPLAINTS*

A growing body of evidence shows that minorities are disproportionately the targets of police brutality, but important theoretical questions about the causes of that inequity remain unanswered. One promising line of research involves structural‐level analyses of the incidence of police brutality complaints; however, existing studies do not incorporate variables from alternative theoretical explanations. Drawing on the community accountability hypothesis and the threat hypothesis, we tested the predictions of two prominent structural‐level explanations of police brutality in a study of civil rights criminal complaints. The study included cities of 150,000+ population (n = 114). The findings reveal that two community accountability variables—ratio percent Hispanic citizens to percent Hispanic police officers and the presence of citizen review—were related positively to police brutality complaints, partially supporting that perspective. Two threat hypothesis measures of threatening people—percent black and percent Hispanic (in the Southwest)—were related positively to complaints, as predicted. The relative degree of support for the two hypotheses is assessed.     

Herzl on discrimination in Der Judenstaat

Theodor Herzl published his programmatic book The Jewish State in February 1896. Central to it was the discrimination (and hatred) commonly known as anti-Semitism. Herzl viewed anti-Semitism as the heart of the Jewish Question but also as the potential motivator for Jews to achieve a Jewish state. Herzl's analysis of anti-Semitic discrimination is in many aspects similar to present sociological theories of middle-class minorities. His discussion of the economic aspects is compared with Gary Becker's theory of discrimination, and similarities as well as differences are pointed out.     

School Belonging,Self-Esteem,and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents: An Examination of Sex,Sexual Attraction Status,and Urbanicity

Using data from Wave II of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health; Bearman, P. S., Jones, J., and Udry, J. R. http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth/design.html, 1997), we conducted multivariate analyses to examine three indicators of psychosocial adjustment (school belonging, self-esteem, depressive symptoms) and their associations with sexual attraction status, sex, and urbanicity. In general, sexual minority adolescents reported lower psychological adjustment than adolescents endorsing other-sex attractions only, with sexual minority females at particular risk. Further, differential patterns of risk for sexual minority youth emerged across rural, urban, and suburban communities. We conclude by discussing implications of these findings for addressing the psychosocial needs of sexual minority adolescents.     

弱势群体对社会稳定的影响

我国目前弱势群体在承受“弱势”所带来的种种伤害的同时,正以一种极具破坏性的 方式表达为“强势”,并迫使社会在承受和消弭其影响时支付日益高昂的成本。这种社会机器内部 的撞击,已经严重地影响了整体运行的安全性和稳定性,而确立公平则是解决问题的前提和基础。     

落实科学的发展观 统筹城乡协调发展——论民族地区城乡协调发展与全面建设小康社会

树立科学的发展观,统筹民族地区城乡经济社会发展,要以农民增收为核心,以加快发展县域经济为途径,以城镇化和工业化为载体,走以城带乡、以工扶农、以商促农、城乡互动、协调发展的道路.     

合理开发利用贵州少数民族传统体育推动贵州旅游业的发展

贵州少数民族传统体育融音乐、舞蹈、体育为一体,是民族文化的表现形式,是重要的民族文化旅游资源。从旅游业的角度,本文从少数民族体育具有的开发利用价值、开发利用的必要性,论述了贵州少数民族传统体育的开发利用对贵州旅游业发展的积极推动作用,并分析了对其开发利用必须坚持的原则和措施。     

撒哈拉以南非洲的人口问题与可持续发展

在非洲人口与经济发展关系的研究中,世界最不发达的撒哈拉以南非洲具有其典型性,深入研究其人口增长与经济发展的严重失衡、人口的科学文化素质低下特别是高文盲率和人口健康素质低劣特别是因艾兹病泛滥而导致的人口高死亡率及其它一系列问题,可以明显地看到这些问题对经济发展产生的诸多不利影响,以及它们对该地区的可持续发展带来的严峻挑战。     

经济全球化对国内区域发展的影响

区域发展差距在中国是一个长期存在的问题,区域发展差距过大会威胁社会的稳定和国家统一。经济全球化既有利于我国的经济发展,也加大了我国国内地区发展的差距。由于国际环境中存在分裂势力,经济全球化也给我国的政治稳定和国家统一带来威胁。解决问题的思路是加快西部民族地区的经济发展和政治发展,缩小其与发达地区的差距,同时强化中央对边远民族地区的控制。     

公务员制度与少数民族干部培养的机制建设

要保证民族干部培养的高标准要求,必须结合党和政府有关干部人事制度改革的政策以及民族区域自治的法律规定,以国家公务员制度为基本框架,进行少数民族干部培养的有效机制建设。