GDP与绿色GDP的对比研究

国内生产总值(GDP)是国民经济核算中的重要经济指标,但现行的GDP存在一定的缺陷.绿色GDP是在GDP的基础上引申出来的一个新概念,泛指一个国家(地区)的范围内由所有常住单位在一定时期内生产的,扣除资源消耗成本和环境退化成本之后的有效最终结果.绿色GDP意味着全新的发展观与政绩观,逐步建立起符合中国国情的绿色GDP,有助于衡量我国经济发展的真实水平,实现我国经济又好又快发展.     

转变观念,破除GDP迷信

GDP作为衡量一个国家或者地区经济水平的首要指标，起到的作用并不仅仅是衡量地区经济水平那么简单。而是关乎政府官员政绩的“头等大事”，长久以来，各级政府唯GDP马首是瞻，只要是有利于增长GDP的政策就，出台，只要是妨碍GDP增长的，就千方百计阻碍，殊不知，盲目的追求GDP的增长，对我国社会生产的发展带来了巨大的负面影响。因此，转变增长观念，破除GDP迷信，使我国经济走到正常增长的轨道上来，有着非同寻常的社会意义与经济意义.     

市委书记个人特征与GDP增长关系的实证分析——基于GDP百强市10年1000份市委书记样本的数据分析

当前,经济发展面临较大的下行压力,各地GDP发展动能成为各方关注的焦点。GDP百强市何以傲视群雄,实现GDP高质高量的发展?除了传统的经济发展影响因素外,地方领导与地方经济发展是否存在一定关系?通过对2017年GDP百强市2008-2017年间1000份市委书记个人特征和GDP增长的平衡面板数据进行实证分析发现:市委书记晋升途径和GDP增长呈显著相关关系;市委书记年龄和任职市数量均与GDP增长呈“倒U型”变动关系,其中最佳任职年龄是54.68岁,最佳任职市数量是2.787个;市委书记的性别、学位、本科学校性质、基层工作经历与GDP增幅没有表现出显著相关关系。结合实证结果,提出了领导者选拔任用的政策取向。     

山东省出口贸易与人均GDP增长的实证分析

根据山东省1984-2007年的统计数据,运用协整方法,对出口与经济增长的实证分析结果表明,山东省出口与人均GDP均为一阶单整序列;运用Engle-Granger两步法建立的协整回归方程和误差修正模型表明,出口对人均GDP增长具有极强的拉动作用,二者之间存在着长期稳定的动态均衡关系。     

绿色GDP核算与山西可持续发展

山西经济结构为重型结构,资源与环境问题非常突出。文章通过对山西绿色GDP核算的研究,提出山西可持续发展的对策:树立绿色GDP的理念,转变经济增长方式;建立完善山西资源开发和环境损耗的经济补偿机制;以绿色GDP促进循环经济发展;将绿色GDP纳入干部的考核体系中。     

俄罗斯中期经济发展走势分析

1999年以来,俄罗斯经济呈现出恢复性增长趋势。在综合考虑俄国内外诸种因素的情况下,初步预测结果为:2003年俄GDP实际增长可能达到5%以上;2004年工业生产增长速度同比可能达到4.0%～4.5%;2005年农产品年均增长速度将在3%～5%之间;2004年俄出口同比将增长到1015亿～1020亿美元,进口630亿～635亿美元;2004年吸引外资将上升到150亿～170亿美元;卢布与美元的比率将达到36～37卢布兑1美元;2004年俄居民名义货币收入将同比增加16%～18%。     

Accounting for ideas: Bringing a knowledge economy into the picture

Abstract

Over the past 15–20 years, the margins of industrial classifications, corporate balance sheets and GDP have been altered to capture knowledge as a new category of value. This has resulted in the institutionalization of categories such as an information economy (1997), intangible assets (2001) and, most recently, a knowledge-adjusted GDP (2013) in these calculating technologies. By harnessing knowledge as a manageable and valuable object, these shifts are responding but also contributing to the concept of a knowledge economy. This paper investigates the conditions necessary to anchor these new categories of value. The analysis attends not only to the changing rules and regulations, but also to the rhetorics of visibility/invisibility, materiality/immateriality, and measurability/immeasurability used to make a case for these transformations.     

A meta-analysis of income and democracy

The purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between per capita income and democracy. Namely, do increases in income per capita affect a regime’s level of democracy? The scholarly tradition has investigated this question over many years, and what we have learned about the actual association between these variables remains inconclusive. As opposed to producing yet another empirical analysis of this hypothesized relationship, this article sets forth to examine it via a new methodological approach. Applying the tools of meta-regression analysis to 33 individual empirical studies that investigate the relationship between income and democracy, this article finds that income has no statistically significant, quantitatively meaningful effect on democracy (understanding the latter as a graded concept). I also show that there is no theoretical or empirical reason to believe that this field of research is “haunted” by publication selection bias. Moreover, I identify a variety of systematic differences between these studies, that is, study heterogeneity, which explain why it is the case that after 60 years of research we still have not reached a consensus.     

来华留学生影响因素的实证分析

中国一直被认为是世界上最大的留学生输出国,到目前为止,这一地位依然没有改变,但是被忽视的一点是,2011年中国已经成为世界第十大留学生接收国。研究发现,中国的研究与开发投入占GDP的份额、高等教育入学率,以及中国与十大来华留学生输出国的GDP差距是影响来华留学生的最主要的三大因素。但是,世界前500名大学排名中中国大学数量,在所有因素中影响作用最小。由此可见,就目前来看,相对于中国的经济增长来说,中国高等教育的质量并不是主要吸引留学生来中国学习的主要因素。但是,目的国的高等教育质量才是吸引留学生的最根本因素。因此,要进一步提升中国高等教育质量,保证我国留学生的教育的可持续发展。     

Population Generations and Economic Growth: An Analysis on Population Policy Choices under the New Normal

When the generation of post-80s entered the labor market during 2003—2013, the China economic growth presented an inverted U type track. When the generations of post-90s and post-00s enter the labor market, growth will have dramatically declined. With post-90s and post-00s entering into the labor market, population bonus begins to disappear after 2016. To prevent Chinese economic fastly falling into demographic cliff, the paper evaluate the delay retirement and fertility policy, and we found that, when post- 90s and post-00s are entering into the labor market, delaying retirement is better than not, maintaining fertility policy unchanged is better than a relaxed fertility policy, while adjusting the retirement system brings about great effect. Delayed retirement policies need to be performed immediately, fertility policy is important, but not urgent.