Competitive Liberalization,Competitive Imperialism,and Intellectual Property

Aggressive pursuit of free trade agreements (FTAs) and customs unions (CUs) by major and minor trading powers alike challenges the conventional wisdom in favor of such pursuit – competitive liberalization. An equally plausible explanation for an active bilateral and regional trade agreement policy, one which effectively de-emphasizes multilateralism, may be competitive imperialism. The protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights is one area in which new provisions, going beyond multilateral rules, are being negotiated and written into FTAs and CUs. Such provisions may yield insights into which characterization of bilateralism and regionalism – competitive liberalization or competitive imperialism – is more apt. Rice Distinguished Professor, The University of Kansas, School of Law, Green Hall, 1535 West 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7577, USA. Tel. +1-785-8649224. Fax. +1-785-8645054. www.law.ku.edu. J.D., Harvard (1989); M.Sc., Oxford (1986); M.Sc., London School of Economics (1985); A.B., Duke (1984). Marshall Scholar (1984-86). Member, Council on Foreign Relations, Royal Society for Asian Affairs, and Fellowship of Catholic Scholars. Author, Modern GATT Law (Sweet & Maxwell 2005), International Trade Law: Theory and Practice (2nd ed. 2000, 3rd ed. forthcoming 2007-08), and Trade, Development, and Social Justice (Carolina Academic Press 2003). I am thankful to my Research Assistant, Mr. David R. Jackson (B.A., George Mason University, 1992; J.D. Class of 2007, University of Kansas), for his indispensable help on this work. I also am grateful to Dr. Mohammed El Said, University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN), for his consistent support and friendship, and for what he has taught and continues to teach me about international trade and intellectual property.     

International institutions and market expectations: Stock price responses to the WTO ruling on the 2002 U.S. steel tariffs

Many scholars assert that international institutions have little power to enforce laws, punish offenders, or force compliance. Others stress that international institutions are important actors, specifically in the regulation of international trade. In this paper, I show that the recent trade dispute over U.S. steel protection provides us with a critical case to evaluate the role of the World Trade Organization in settling trade disputes and specifically stabilizing expectations of market actors over future steel policy. I argue that stock prices can serve as an important tool in answering these questions. In an empirical analysis using daily steel stock prices, I find that during the 2002 WTO steel case, the WTO dispute mechanism helped market actors stabilize expectations of future trade policy.

全球化视野下的中国农民问题

中国的三农问题引起了越来越多的关注,中央政府希望通过农业补贴、减少税费等措施提高农民收入。但是与20世纪80年代中国农村不同,中国农民已经处于全球化的影响之下,这种影响已在农民就业、农业生产组织和农业生产三个方面充分展示。因此,我们必须站在全球的角度来看待中国的农民问题。     

我国加入WTO的经济形势与风险分析

我国加入世贸前由于存在金融体系巨额不良资产、投资总体上的低效、财政出现的困境等经济问题 ,入世后将对我国金融体系产生巨大的冲击 ,可能带来结构性失业人数急增 ,城乡差距拉大 ,贫富悬殊继续加大等问题。     

从非营利组织看事业单位的改革

中国在推进事业单位改革的过程中开始提出和使用非营利组织的概念,正确看待非营利组织现状和在中国公益事业中的作用,让事业单位和民间非营利组织平等发展,甚至相互竞争来促进事业单位提高服务意识和服务质量。使公益性,非营利性得到真正体现,并让改革的成果惠及全体人民。     

我国非营利组织市场导向及其影响因素研究——以全国采供血机构为例

国外在非营利组织市场导向研究方面已经有十余年经验,而我国在这一领域的研究才刚刚起步.以我国采供血机构(包括血站、血液中心等)为研究对象,通过问卷调查方法对MARKOR量表是否适用于我国非营利组织、我国采供血机构市场导向的现状、管理者对采供血机构市场导向的影响等问题进行了探讨.研究发现,MARKOR量表在测量采供血机构市场导向方面总体上有较高的信度和效度,但是在"组织对信息反应"构面上,个别指标的信度和效度比较低;在采供血机构市场导向的三个构面中,"跨部门信息传播"的得分最高,而"市场信息收集"的得分最低,这与发达国家的研究结论存在较大差异;管理者的职业教育、职业精神与市场导向的状况之间存在正相关关系.并且,进一步发现,职业精神对市场导向与职业教育的关系存在中介效应.最后,对以上发现的现实意义进行了讨论并指出了未来研究的方向.     

论WTO背景下我国税法改革基本原则的确立

根据世贸组织的规则和我国经济发展的实际,应尽快修改和完善税法体系。税收法定主义原则、税收公平主义原则、税收效率、协调性、渐进性原则应确立为我国税法改革的基本原则。     

村民委员会组织法的缺陷及其完善

:村民自治是建设有中国特色社会主义民主政治的伟大实践。作为村民自治规范化、制度化法律依据的村民委员会组织法 ,在“两委”关系界定、乡镇干预村民自治应承担的法律责任、村民大会机构的设立、村干部职务终身制的废除等主要方面存在明显的缺陷 ,这些缺陷制约着村民自治的深入和农村民主政治的发展 ,亟需在实践中不断完善     

加入世贸组织对中国法制的影响与我们的对策

我国加入世贸组织后,WTO的一系列规则将对我国法制产生深远的影响。我国应进一步加快法律的信息化,推动法律的全球化和促进法律的职业化等。协调国内法与WTO法的不一致,应完善立法工作,推进司法改革和加强法学教育。     

基层公安机关成立警训队的探索与实践

成立警训队是基层公安机关进行民警教育培训的新模式。警训队作为公安机关的一支“预备队”。应始终保持一定的数量,融实战和培训为一体,随时应对和处置各类突发事件,采用“战训合一”的教育训练模式。上海市公安局闵行分局在基层公安机关抓好民警教育培训工作方面走出了一条新路子。