Developments in electronic money regulation – the Electronic Money Directive: A better deal for e-money issuers?

The recent adoption of the new E-Money Directive by the Council of the European Union has introduced key changes to European e-money legislation. The adoption of the new directive follows the European Commission's review of the original e-money directive and the market that it was intended to facilitate, which found that e-money has yet to deliver the benefits that were anticipated.     

Farmers,factories and funds: organised crime and illicit drugs cultivation within the British Vietnamese community

This article explores the growth of organised crime within the Vietnamese community with particular reference to the cultivation of cannabis, money laundering and the smuggling or trafficking of children. The article begins by exploring the history and diversity of the ‘Vietnamese community’ in the United Kingdom and the role of Vietnamese culture in shaping their criminal enterprises. It then draws on research involving two sets of qualitative data: one set is based on 45 interviews with law enforcement personnel based in Vietnam and the United Kingdom as well as with key stakeholders in the Vietnamese community; the other set is based on structured questionnaires issued to 34 Vietnamese residents in Britain, 24 of whom are here illegally. It examines the relationship between illegal immigration of Vietnamese citizens to Britain and the urban cultivation of cannabis, in what has become known as ‘cannabis factories’, and the laundering of the profits abroad to Vietnam. After exposing the logistics of Vietnamese illegal immigration into Britain, the article concludes that those involved in cannabis cultivation, money laundering and people smuggling are primarily motivated by profit rather than ‘lifestyle’ concerns, and operate within what theorists of organised crime refer to as the ‘mono-ethnic criminal network’.     

与碳排放交易有关的犯罪行为及其防范措施

碳市场属于新兴市场,呈现碎片化特征。碳排放交易标的为法律虚拟物,不需要实物交割,交易相对复杂。碳排放交易和其他金融交易一样,由于涉及资金巨大、法律不完善、监管不严密和透明度欠缺等原因,极易滋生犯罪。与碳排放交易有关的犯罪行为主要为诈骗、逃税、洗钱和网络盗窃等。应该加强各碳排放交易市场间的合作与沟通,共同监管和惩治碳排放交易所涉犯罪行为。     

Money laundering in a two-sector model: using theory for measurement

This paper implements a methodology that exploits firms and households’ optimality conditions to measure money laundering for the Italian economy. This approach, first implemented by Ingram et al. (J Monet Econ 40:435–436, 1997) to the household production sector, and by Busato et al. (Using theory for measurement: an analysis of the behaviour of underground economy working paper, Aarhus University, 2006) for measuring the underground economy, allows to generate high frequency time-series for money laundering using a theoretical two-sector dynamic general equilibrium model calibrated over the sample 1981:01–2001:04. The analysis of the generated series suggests two main results. First, money laundering accounts for approximately 12 percent of aggregate GDP; second, money laundering is more volatile than aggregate GDP and it is negatively correlated with it.

法律服务人员反洗钱义务研究

随着国际社会采取多种措施打击洗钱犯罪,犯罪分子转而采取了借助专业人员特别是法律服务专业人员的帮助等方法来洗钱。部分国际组织和国家认识到此新的趋势后,迅速做出了反应,赋予了法律服务专业人员以反洗钱义务。这对于我国有着积极的借鉴意义。     

掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得、犯罪所得收益罪构成新析

掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得、犯罪所得收益罪是妨碍正常司法活动秩序的犯罪,是故意犯罪。2009年11月11日起正式实施的《最高人民法院关于审理洗钱等刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》又对本罪作出了具体界定。本罪的主体不包括本犯,主观方面是明知的故意,犯罪对象是涉及财产性所得及利益犯罪的所得和收益,行为方式要求能起到掩饰、隐瞒的效果。《解释》的实施对本罪构成特征的重新认识和保护法益的探究,能达到澄清理论和推动实践的效果。     

洗钱罪的保护客体探析 --兼论本罪在刑法分则体系中的地位

洗钱罪保护的客体即洗钱罪所保护的利益,洗钱犯罪既侵害了司法机关的正常活动又侵害了经济管理秩序,但洗钱犯罪所主要侵害的法益为司法机关的正常活动.今后,随着<反洗钱法>的出台,刑法分则中惩治洗钱行为的具体罪名也应加以修订,应将洗钱罪置于妨害司法罪之中,同时鉴于惩治金融机构及其工作人员洗钱犯罪的特殊性,刑事立法有必要创设新的罪名给予特殊保护.     

论洗钱罪的主体

本文主要对洗钱罪主体的争议问题作了论述,提出了洗钱罪的主体应当包括上游犯罪行为人,并从刑法理论、刑事司法实践、世界刑事立法现状及趋势以及国际刑事司法合作的角度进行了较为详尽的论述。     

毒品洗钱犯罪问题研究

毒品犯罪与洗钱犯罪是密不可分的,进入20世纪80年代以后,毒品洗钱犯罪活动日益严重。毒品犯罪集团绞尽脑汁,利用各种可能的方式与手段进行洗钱活动,给全世界、全人类带来了巨大的灾难。分析研究毒品洗钱犯罪的未来发展趋势,使我们可以深刻的认识其危害性,以便今后能够更好的预防和打击这类犯罪活动。     

洗钱犯罪若干问题探析

洗钱犯罪主要指为掩饰、隐瞒因毒品犯罪、黑社会性质的组织犯罪、恐怖活动犯罪和走私犯罪的非法所得及其收益性质和来源,利用各种手段使非法收入转换成来源合法的资金和财产的行为。这种犯罪具有多重违法性、跨区域性、形式多样性、专业性等特点,主要通过金融机构、地下钱庄、私营公司、空壳公司、进出口贸易、网络等方式进行,给社会造成了巨大危害,必须予以高度重视井进行严厉打击。