计算机记录认证及取证的规范化问题研究

伴随计算机的普及应用,记载信息的方式已逐渐从文字记录转为以日志、电子文件、电子表格、电子邮件等形式存储的数字信息。与此同时,数字复原技术和计算机取证活动也应运而生。一旦这些数据得以重现,其记载内容可被用于数据的复原、释明计算机历史操作记录,在法庭中用做证据证明案件事实,等等。在如何界定计算机记录的要领和计算机记录认证的研究方面,美国司法机构现已积累了许多经验。我国应借鉴美国的做法,实现计算机取证程序规范化,确定取证人员准入规范和日常考核规范,制定计算机取证的工具标准。     

Changes in Fingerprints and the Quantity of Material Forming the Print Depending on Hand Cleanliness,Gender, and Ambient Conditions

Impressions of friction ridges left on a surface are important evidence for identifying an individual and can be used to confirm his or her presence at the scene of an incident. Factors influencing the durability of fingerprints include the physiological characteristics and cleanliness of the individual, environmental factors, and time. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of atmospheric factors, gender, hand cleanliness and time on the width of friction ridge impressions and the amount of material forming the print. The research shows that factors such as gender, ambient conditions, and hand cleanliness affect the width of the ridge impressions and the quantity of material forming the print. The passage of time significantly reduces both the width of the ridge impressions and the quantity of the material forming the print.