Quantification of Methamphetamine in Mouse Thighbones Buried in Soil

Bone samples are used for analysis of drugs in decomposed or skeletonized bodies. Toxicological analyses of buried bones are important for determining the causes and circumstances of death. In this study, methamphetamine and amphetamine concentrations in heart blood, thigh muscles, and thighbones were analyzed using solid‐phase extraction with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Methamphetamine concentrations in heart blood, thigh muscle, and thighbone ranged from 0.041 to 0.873 μg/mL, 0.649 to 2.623 μg/g, and 56.543 to 643.371 μg/g, respectively. Thighbone concentrations were significantly higher than those in heart blood or thigh muscles were. Methamphetamine concentrations in buried thighbone (4.010–45.785 μg/g) were significantly lower than those of unburied thighbones were (56.543–643.371 μg/g). Methamphetamine and amphetamine were detected in thighbones buried for 7–180 days. These findings indicate that the methamphetamine concentrations in bone are higher and decrease after burial in soil.     

胶体金标记苯丙胺单克隆抗体免疫试剂盒研究

目的建立一种准确、快速、简便的检测尿液中苯丙胺(AMP)的胶体金免疫层析技术。方法采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒,标记抗AMP单抗,将AMP—BSA抗原固相于硝酸纤维素膜上,制备胶体金免疫层析测试条。通过尿液、血液和唾液中的可能存在的苯丙胺成分与测试条上的苯丙胺-BSA完全抗原竞争结合有限的单抗结合位点,来判定检测结果。结果用ICT法和GC/MS检测217份尿样,本法检测阈值为1000ng/mL,特异性为99.17%,准确性为99.54%。结论ICT法检测尿液中的AMP特异性强,灵敏度高、简便快速、无需特殊仪器设备,具有广泛应用价值。     

甲基苯丙胺及其代谢产物在急性中毒豚鼠体内的分布

目的研究甲基苯丙胺 (MAP)及其代谢产物苯丙胺 (AP)在急性中毒豚鼠体内的含量分布。方法应用GC/NPD技术 ,以 4 苯基丁胺 (4 PBA)为内标 ,样品经水解后碱化或直接碱化至pH >11,环已烷混旋提取 ,三氟乙酸酐 (TFA)微波衍生化 ,测定MAP急性中毒豚鼠体液和组织中MAP及AP的含量。结果急性中毒死亡豚鼠体内各器官和体液中MAP及AP含量最高为肺 ;其次为肝、脑、肾、脾、肠、心、血 ;再次为胃、胆汁 ;最少是尿。结论MAP在动物体内代谢迅速 ,组织或体液中MAP和AP浓度的比值与豚鼠给药后存活时间有关     

微波照射在衍生化反应中的应用

介绍了用微波照射技术快速制备吗啡、苯丙胺类的乙酰、三氟乙酰、五氟丙酰、七氟丁酰、MSTFA衍生物方法。常规加热方法制备这些衍生物需在60～70℃反应30min,而使用微波照射（~400W,仅需2～3min即可完成．二种方法所得的衍生物气相保留时间和质谱碎片相同．     

当前安非他明类毒品违法犯罪的特点与整治对策

改革开放以来,安非他明类毒品违法犯罪出现蔓延迅速、向职业化、集团化、智能化方向发展,并呈现出生产周期短、分段加工、跨区域、跳跃式生产、手段诡秘,走私境外销售为主等特点。应当加大投入、加强立法,完善禁毒法规,发挥公安机关职能作用,加强禁毒的宣传工作的全面对策。     

苯丙胺类气相色谱分析前衍生化条件筛选

目的筛选适合于苯丙胺类气相色谱分析的衍生化试剂,同时寻找最佳衍生化条件。方法选择乙酸酐、三氟乙酸酐、3,5-二硝基苯甲酰氯3种衍生化试剂,以气相色谱作为检测方法,比较在不同的衍生条件下(加热方式、微波功率、时间等)的衍生效果。结果获得3种不同衍生化产物的气相色谱分析结果,得出苯丙胺类经乙酸酐乙酰化,于微波Ⅱ档衍生反应3min,衍生化反应完全满意的结果。结论在适当条件下选用乙酸酐对苯丙胺类进行完全的衍生化反应,适用于该类毒品的定量分析。     

生物检材中甲基苯丙胺及苯丙胺的分析研究进展

对近几年国内外22篇有关生物检材中甲基苯丙胺及苯丙胺测定的文献进行了综述。介绍了血、尿、毛发等生物检材的收集与预处理方法,比较了生物检材中甲基苯丙胺及苯丙胺的液-液萃取(LLE)、固相萃取(SPE)、固相微萃取(SPME)和顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)等提取方法,以及内标的选取、不同的衍生化方法和包括免疫、GC/MS、GC/NPD、GC/ECD、GC/FID、HPLC、HPCE在内的各种检测方法。最后,对分析结果的评定进行了讨论。     

固相萃取法在苯丙胺类药物提取中的应用

目的建立生物检材中苯丙胺类药物的定性定量分析方法;方法应用固相萃取法提取生物检材中苯丙胺类药物,比较了苯丙胺类药物固相萃取的最佳pH值、固相吸附柱等提取条件,比较了固相萃取法和传统的液液萃取法在提取回收率、净化效果等方面的特点;结果生物检材中苯丙胺类药物固相萃取pH11时效果最好,提取回收率达82.9%～93.2%;结论该方法实用,提取率高,杂质干扰少。     

Detection of methamphetamine in mouse femurs exposed to high temperature

Bone samples are valuable for examining the cause of death and circumstance leading up to death when body fluids are not available for forensic toxicological analysis. Examined were heat-induced changes in methamphetamine and amphetamine concentrations in femurs removed from methamphetamine-injected mice to determine if the burned bones could be used for toxicology testing. The femurs were heated at 100°C, 300°C, or 500°C for 10 or 30 min. The tissue structure of the heated femurs was preserved at 100°C for 30 min but was destructed at higher temperatures. Methamphetamine and amphetamine were detected in femurs heated at 100°C for 10 min, 100°C for 30 min, and 300°C for 10 min (with methamphetamine and amphetamine concentrations ranging from 0.36 to 35 μg/g and 0.54 to 47 μg/g, respectively). Methamphetamine and amphetamine were detectable when heated above their decomposition temperature as a result of limited heat transfer do to protection provide by the femoral muscle. Thus, the bone could be a useful analytical sample in cases of burn-related deaths, where it is difficult to collect body fluids.