Exploring the Effects of North–South and South–South Research Collaboration in Emerging Economies,the Colombian Case

International research collaboration (IRC) is associated with both positive and negative effects on the performance of research in emerging economies. While some authors claim that North–South collaborations improve scientific quality and visibility for Southern countries, others claim that it may entail the reorientation of research to comply with Northern agendas. South–South collaborations are thought to increase the focus on local affairs, therefore leading to a relatively small number of scientific international publications appearing in “high quality” journals. Research on the impact of IRC beyond publications in international journals has been neglected despite the importance of other products in knowledge creation. This research uses a broad range of scientific outputs to empirically assess such assumptions and explore the outcomes of IRC in Colombia. Results from multivariate regressions and nonparametric analyses show that, contrary to common assumptions, Colombian research teams collaborating with partners from the global South report higher scientific production, while those collaborating with Northern countries seem to contribute to local knowledge the most.     

基于ITS2条形码序列对新型“香料”毒品植物成分的研究

目的应用DNA条形码片段ITS2对新型毒品样品中的植物成分进行分析。方法提取可疑毒品样本"spike99","K2","7号"中的植物基因组DNA,用ITS2通用引物进行扩增,对扩增产物进行测序,对序列校对拼接,应用BLAST方法在NCBI数据库中比对。结果 "spike 99"、"7号"各得到1条ITS2基因序列,"K2"得到2条ITS2基因序列,分别与紫花苜蓿、大麻、啤酒花、黄蜀葵的ITS2基因序列的同源性为100%。结论应用条形码技术可以成功分析新型毒品中的植物种属,为案件中植物样本的种属鉴定提供方法。     

骆驼斯氏副柔线虫病传播媒介的筛选与确定

对从内蒙古骆驼生活环境中采集到的24种蝇进行普通生物学剖检,并进一步用斯氏副柔线虫特异性引物ST1、ST2对蝇体内检获的幼虫进行分子生物学鉴定,以筛选与确定骆驼斯氏副柔线虫病的传播媒介。结果显示,在西方角蝇和截脉角蝇体内均发现了疑似斯氏副柔线虫幼虫,感染强度为1～22条/个,雌蝇与雄蝇感染强度差异不显著;幼虫长度为1.033～1.934mm;雄蝇的感染率为43.8%～48.0%,雌蝇的感染率为35.7%～46.2%。扩增得到的部分ITS序列(包括5.8S)与GenBank中登录的斯氏副柔线虫ITS序列同源性高达99.3%。基本确定了西方角蝇和截脉角蝇为斯氏副柔线虫病的传播媒介。     

Forensic analysis of hallucinogenic fungi: a DNA-based approach

Hallucinogenic fungi synthesize two controlled substances, psilocin and psilocybin. Possession of the fungal species that contain these compounds is a criminal offence in North America. Some related species that are morphologically similar, do not contain the controlled substances. Therefore, unambiguous identification of fungi to the species level is critical in determining if a mushroom is illegal. We investigate a phylogenetic approach for the identification of species that contain the psychoactive compounds. We analyzed 35 North American specimens representing seven different genera of hallucinogenic and non-hallucinogenic mushrooms. We amplified and sequenced the internal transcribed spacer region of the rDNA (ITS-1) and a 5′ portion of the nuclear large ribosomal subunit of rRNA (nLSU rRNA or 28S). ITS-1 locus sequence data was highly variable and produced a phylogenetic resolution that was not consistent with morphological identifications. In contrast, the nLSU rRNA data clustered isolates from the same species and separated hallucinogen containing and non-hallucinogen containing isolates into distinct clades. With this information, we propose an approach that combines the specificity of PCR detection and the resolving power of phylogenetic analysis to efficiently and unambiguously identify hallucinogenic fungal specimens for legal purposes.     

浅谈如何建立交通事故救援系统

道路交通事故救援系统由先进的交通管理系统 (ATMS)与交通服务信息系统 (ATIS)和有关的救援机构和设施 ,通过ATIS和ATMS将交通监控中心与职业的救援机构联结成有机整体 ,为道路使用者提供现场紧急处置 ,拖车现场救护等服务 ;而智能交通系统ITS其主要目标是针对日益严重的交通需求和环境保护压力 ,采取信息技术 ,通信技术 ,计算机技术和控制技术对传统的交通运输系统进控制、改造     

谈现代信息技术在ITS中的应用

近年来,随着经济和科技的不断发展,现代信息技术在各行业中的应用越来越广泛,成果越来越显著。同时,信息技术产业为综合交通的现代化和智能化带来了无限生机和活力。文章从GIS-T、GPS、ETC、现代图像处理技术、模式识别技术、数据压缩技术等各方面论述了信息技术在智能交通系统中的应用,并分析了在应用中还存在的有待发展之处。     

公安院校ITS管理模式研究

公安院校教育技术改革的浪潮已经涌起,传统的电化教育正逐步向以现代信息技术为主要内容的教育技术拓展。本文联系公安院校实际,提出了ITS管理模式,主要从教育技术系统机构设置原则、机构设置、部门职能和系统运行机制四个方面作了详细的介绍,相信这种模式在公安院校教育技术系统的应用中,将成为公安院校教育技术事业发展的巨大推动力。     

Identification of Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) using restriction profiles of the Internal Transcribed Spacer II (ITS2)

The paper describes the construction of a restriction profile of the Internal Transcribed Spacer II (ITS2) of Cannabis sativa L. Nuclear Ribosomal DNA, using digestion by a selected number of restriction endonucleases. The method was evaluated for false positives and it is suggested that it could be used to identify suspected Cannabis samples, by comparing their restriction profiles with the restriction profile of known Cannabis material.     

武汉市交通管理ITS思考与对策

武汉市是国内最早从事智能交通研究的城市之一。目前,在智能交通(ITS)、系统仿真及控制、物流规划与管理领域的研究机构已经建立。在城市建成区难以通过道路拓展提高通行能力的情况下,ITS技术的应用将对城市现代化发展具有不可忽视的现实推动作用。     

Investigating DNA barcodes of plants growing in some areas of Iran with high crime rate: Quercus brantii,Curpressus arizonica,Crataegus pentagyna,Ziziphus Spina-chtista,and Buxus hyrcana

According to criminal botany, the offender unknowingly carries plant samples from the crime scene. Therefore, studying the genetic data of plants native to the crime scene can solve many ambiguities in the criminal files. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the genome of 5 endemic plants in some areas of Iran with high crime rate. Quercus brantii, Curpressus arizonica, Crataegus pentagyna, Ziziphus Spina-chtista, and Buxus hyrcana were assessed using 1 genetic fragment on plastid regions (trnH-psbA) as well as 1 gene on nuclear chromosome called ITS. The alignment of DNA sequences of trnH-psbA and ITS genes was done using BioEdit, Clustal X, and Muscle v4.0 software programs. The phylogenetic analysis was performed on aligned data using Maximum Parsimony (MP) and the Bayesian methods. The Splits Tree v.4.14.4 software program was used for phylogenetic network analysis. Finally, the data combinability test was conducted using the Incongruence Length Difference (ILD) test by PAUP* software program. All data from nrDNA ITS and trnH-psbA sequences were consistent with Information Compatibility Test (ICT) results. Moreover, the nrDNA ITS indicated more resolved relationship than trnH-psbA. The results from MP and Bayesian analyses did not differ significantly between singular and combined forms, except for a slight variance in confidence interval of branches. As the phylogenetic trees provide more thorough and deeper conception of species relations, it is hoped that they would be useful to illuminate some forensic gaps in regions with high crime rates enriched by these plants, not only in Iran, but also in all areas over the world with this vegetation.