论香港特別行政区立法会的功能和改革方向

在自由主义和民主主义结盟反对封建主义的历史进程中,形成了一套关于国家建构的系统学说。香港并非国家,但这套学说却在香港社会关于特别行政区立法会功能角色的讨论中拥有不小的影响力。片面强调"两制"差异,以自由主义代议制学说描摹一个地方行政单位的立法机构,终将沿着这套学说的国家建构逻辑挑战"一国"之本。本世纪初以来,香港特别行政区立法会出现内部对立、扩权,职能上轻立法、重监督的趋势和现象,与这种学说在香港社会的影响不无关系。就解决历史遗留的香港问题而言,"一国两制"是各方都能接受的"最大公约数",讲求平衡政府原则、混合政体设计的共和精神较契合香港特别行政区的这一政治现实,或可成为引导特别行政区立法会变革的方向之一。

On the Function and Reform Direction of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

In the historical process of the alliance between liberalism and democracy to oppose feudalism,a set of systematic theories on state construction was formed.Hong Kong is not a state,but these theories have considerable influence on the discussions of the function and role of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(Legco).One-sided emphasis on the difference between the"Two Systems"and the depiction of the legislature of a sub-national administrative unit with the theory of liberal representative system will eventually challenge the foundation of"One Country"in line with the state construction logic of these theories.Since the beginning of this century,Legco has experienced internal confrontations,expanded its power,and shifted more attention from legislation to oversight,all under the influence of this theory in Hong Kong society.To resolve the Hong Kong issue inherited from the past,"One Country,Two Systems"is the"greatest common denominator"acceptable to all parties.The principle of balanced government and the republican spirit embodied in the mixed government design better suit the political reality of Hong Kong SAR,and may be one of the directions for Legco reform.