中国世界文化遗产的保护与旅游开发--以敦煌莫高窟为例

敦煌莫高窟超负荷旅游承载力出现危机,洞窟内“环境疲劳”、“体质恶化”,景区内部的“城市化”和景区外围的“孤岛化”,使遗产资源的保护受到威胁。为此,中美两国专家采用高科技手段,通过壁画数字化拍摄以及洞窟虚拟漫游,建立了敦煌石窟文物电子档案,这一技术不但为永久性、高精度保存石窟艺术找到了可靠途径,而且为其他濒危古遗址的贮存和再现创造了机遇。

The Protection of China's World Cultural Heritages and Tourism Development: A Case Study of Dunhuang Mogao Grottos

Dunhuang Mogao Grottos,a world cultural heritage,faces a crisis due to its over-burdened tourism and its protection also faces the challenges of its "environmental fatigue","physical deterioration",the "urbanization" within the scenic spot and the "isolation" from its surroundings.Thus,some Chinese and American experts have its cultural relics made into digitalized archives with the help of advanced science and technology,which offers digital photos and a virtual tour.This approach provides not only a reliable way for a permanent and accurate preservation of the grotto art but also a good means for the storage of other ancient ruins in danger and an opportunity for their preservation.