警察讯问话语目的、话语策略和话语结构

以目的原则理论,言语行为理论和会话合作原则为理论基础,建立了目的、话语策略和话语行为的会话分析模型,并基于此模型分析警察讯问过程中的话语结构和问话策略。研究发现:在程序性问话阶段,警察通常使用直接指向目的的问话,问答对应结构简单,多是Q-R对应;在实体性问话阶段,由于问答双方目的冲突激烈,警察会根据不同的语境采取威胁、劝诱、友情、打断、预设、迂回等问话策略,以期获取犯罪嫌疑人的合作,实现问话目的,问答对应结构变得复杂化、多样化。

The conversational goal,discourse structure and speech tactics during police interrogation

Based on the Goal Principle,the Speech Act Theory and the Cooperative Theory,the author builds a conversation analysis model concerning conversational goal,speech tactics and speech act and uses it to analyze the discourse structure and interrogation tactics.This research finds that the police usually use goal-directed questions during procedural interrogation stage and the structure of question-response is simple,most of which are Q-R exchange.However,during substantial interrogation stage,the police adopt various interrogative tactics such as threatening,persuasion,friendship,interruption,presumption,outflanking according to different situations in order to achieve cooperation and reach interrogation goal due to tow parties’ severe conflicting goals so that the exchange structures are complicated and of variety.