美国法上两种传闻定义的比较研究

传闻排除规则由三个部分组成,传闻的定义是其中最基础的组成部分。在美国证据法上存在着"陈述者中心"和"主张中心"两种不同的传闻定义。它们在历史形成过程、基本原理、对"暗示性"主张的态度等方面都存在着差异。两种传闻定义各有优劣,但是结合我国当前实际,笔者认为"主张中心"的传闻定义更符合我国诉讼制度的要求。

Comparative Research on the Two Kinds of Definitions of Hearsay in American Law

Hearsay rules are composed of three parts,the foundation of which is the definition of hearsay. There are declarant-centered definition and assertion-centered definition of hearsay in the evidence law of the U. S.They have different history,rationale,and different attitude toward the"implied assertion".Though there are both advantages and disadvantages in these two definitions,considering the current practice in our country,the author believes the assertion-centered definition of hearsay is more likely to satisfy the need of the action system.