业主的建筑物区分所有权之评析（上）

建筑物依土地之承载得其成就，人类因建筑物之依归而创建文明。因此，建筑物之于人类发展，占非常重要地位。建筑物之所有权及利用权，更是物权法规则的核心之一。而建筑物区分所有权之渊源，由来久远，于古老之埃及、巴比伦及希腊之律法即有迹可寻。19世纪初，区分所有权的形式即已为各国地区之民事立法所采用，二次世界大战结束后，建筑物区分所有权制度，更发展为各国地区不动产所有权法律上之重要制度。我国为因应城市公有化、福利型住房制度转入商品化住房制度的社会客观性需求，暨顺应我国城市化进程的加速，并为取得多层或高层住宅之城市居民提供立体物权的规范依据，于《物权法》第六章专章规定了“业主的建筑物区分所有权”。但检视《物权法》关于建筑物区分所有权制度的规定，仍存有不足以规范区分所有权法律关系之处。为此，本文试图从建筑物区分所有权理论分析角度入手，检视《物权法》第六章的立法取向及其基本内容，并提出其存在的相关问题与解决对策，俾作为日后最高人民法院为司法解释或法院判决之参考依据。

On the Building's Differentiation Droit(First Part)

The building,depending on the soil that bears the weight,gets its achievement,while the humankind,because of building's subordination,establishes its civilization.Thus,during humankind's development,building occupies a very important role.The building's ownership and its utilizing right even is one of the cores of the regulations of property law.The building's distinguishing ownership originated from the ancient Egypt,Babylon and Greece.At the beginning of the 19th century,the form of the differentiation droit had already been adopted by the civil legislations of the areas of various countries;after World War II,the system of the building's differentiation droit even developed into an important system of the ownership law of real estate in the areas of various countries.To satisfy the social objective requirement of the city's socialization and the change of the welfare type housing system over to the commercialized housing system,to comply with the acceleration of the urbanization process of our country,and to offer the standardization basis of the stereoscopic real right for the urbanite who obtain multi-layer or high residential building,in the chapter six of Property Law,the building's differentiation droit is specially regulated.However,after the inspection of the regulations,there still exist some places where the norm of distinguishing the ownership is not sufficient.Thus,analyzing from the aspect of the relevant theories of the building's differentiation droit,this paper attempts to survey the legislative orientation of the building's differentiation droit in chapter six of the property law and its basic content.At the same time,the existing relevant problems and the countermeasures to solve them are put forward,hoping to be the reference of the judicial explanation or the judgment of the Supreme People's Court in the future.