金融危机与美国霸权战略的调整

战后以来,强大经济实力始终是美国霸权政治的基础,金融则扮演了美国经济"晴雨表"的角色。2007年后的金融危机和债务危机削弱了美国霸权的经济"实力",使美国霸权战略不得不进行一系列调整:在经济领域,奥巴马政府实施了经济优先战略,推动美国霸权战略的"国内化"转向,力图夯实美国在世界政治经济格局中的霸主基础;在国际政治领域,加速推进"转型外交"进程,倡导多边主义和国际协作;在军事领域,采取相对收缩的军事战略,适时调整海外军事布局,全力应对国际金融危机。

Financial Crisis and Adjustment of the United States'Hegemonic Strategy

Since the end of World War II,a strong and powerful economy has always been the foundation of the United States’ hegemonic politics,while finance plays the role as a thermometer of the economy.The financial and debt crisis after 2007 has weakened the economic foundation of the United States’ hegemony so that the hegemonic strategy has to be adjusted.In the field of economy,the Obama administration has applied the "economy first" strategy in order to emphasize domestic interests and maintain leading position in the pattern of world economy and politics.In the field of international politics,the transition of foreign policies has been accelerated,and Multilateralism and international collaboration is encouraged.In the field of military forces,shrinkage strategy and adjustment of overseas military forces distribution has been made in order to cope with the international financial crisis.