两岸无单放货场合下责任竞合的比较

对承运人而言,交货时收回正本提单具有双重法律意义,即物权意义与债权意义。承运人无单放货往往会同时侵犯提单持有人基于货物占有关系的物权与基于运输合同关系的债权,其依侵权法应承担侵权责任,而依合同法则应承担违约责任。这就涉及传统民法中一个长期争论的重要问题,即如何处理违约责任与侵权责任的竞合关系。以海峡两岸海上货物运输中的无单放货现象为研究背景,从两岸民法和海商法的现行规定、判例出发,逐一探讨责任竞合基础、承运人承责方式、责任竞合内涵与竞合模式评价等四个问题。

Comparison on the concurrence of liabilities under the situation of delivery of goods without bill of lading across Taiwan Strait

Delivering goods with original bill of lading has dual meanings for the carrier,namely the meaning of real right and the meaning of creditor's right.Delivery of goods without bill of lading will infringe upon consignee's real right and creditor's right simultaneously,which triggers an important question in traditional civil law: how to deal with the concurrent relationship between breaching liability and infringement liability.Against the background of delivery of goods without bill of lading in the cross-s...