商标注册制度中的“使用意图”要求比较研究

商标及其权利保护制度的产生基础和价值来源是诚实经营者对于商标的使用。为了有效地遏制商标恶意申请,我国2019年《商标法》第4条将“使用意图”作为商标注册条件之一,然而在行政审查和司法实践中如何具体落实这一要求尚不十分明确。通过比较研究我国与美国、英国和日本商标注册制度中的“使用意图”要求,以兼顾注册效率与公平为出发点,建议在我国商标注册程序中引入宣誓性的真诚使用意图声明。在注册申请指定的商品或者服务类别超出申请人的经营范围等特定情形下,适用使用意图说明制度辅助查明申请人的主观目的。申请人是否具有符合商标法规定的使用意图,需要结合事实因素以客观标准作出理性判断。

A Comparative Study on the Requirement of"Intention to US"in Trademark Registration System

Legal protection of trademark and the relevant rights is based on the use of trademark by honest operator.To effectively curb malicious trademark registration,article 4 of China's revised Trademark Law provides that"intention to use"is one of the conditions for trademark registration,however,it is not clear how to concretely implement this requirement in administrative review and judicial practice.By studying comparatively the requirement of"intention to use"in China,US,UK and Japanese trademark registration systems,and setting out from the perspective of pursuing both registration efficiency and fairness,it is recommended to introduce the declaration of a bona fide intention to use a trademark in business in China's trademark registration procedure.In certain context,for example,the commodity or service designated by the application go beyond the applicant's business scope,the"intention to use"declaration system can be used to help with the investigation of the applicant's subjective intention.Whether the applicant's intention to use conforms to provisions of Trademark Law deepends on fact elements and should be judged rationally based on objective standard.