美国南海政策的军事化及其影响

当前,国际社会正处于"百年未有之大变局"中,中美两国竞争加剧。在这一背景下,美国南海政策的军事化倾向尤为突出。通过案例分析、运用比较分析的方法对美国南海政策军事化及其影响进行探究,可以看出美国南海政策军事化的主要目的是遏制中国的崛起。为达到这一目的,美国提升了"航行自由行动"的频率和烈度,增加了在南海内沿和外围的军事战略存在,还加强了与盟国的同盟关系。不过,美国国内有一部分人认为南海政策军事化目前并未达到其希望的效力,反而使美国在战争与和平之间愈加难以保持平衡。美国在南海地区的影响力受到挑战的同时,中美关系也因此有所倒退,南海局势变得更加复杂。鉴于此,中国一方面要保持克制态度,增强危机意识,做好预案,通过高质量外交对话等方式增进与美国的政治互信,另一方面也要加快推进与东盟国家《南海各方行为准则》的谈判与磋商,与东盟国家一道维护好南海地区的和平与稳定。

A Study on the Militarization of American South China Sea Policy and Its Influence

The international community is in a"great change that has not been seen in a hundred years",and the competition between China and the United States has intensified.In this context,the militarization tendency of the South China Sea policy of the United States is particularly prominent.Through the methods of case analysis and comparative analysis,this paper probes into the militarization of the South China Sea policy and its significance,and holds that the main purpose of the militarization of the South China Sea policy is to contain the rise of China.To this end,the United States has increased the frequency and intensity of Operation Freedom of Navigation,increased its military strategic presence along and around the South China Sea,and strengthened its alliance with its allies.However,the United States believes that the militarization of the South China Sea policy has not achieved its desired effect,on the contrary,it has made it more difficult for the United States to maintain a balance between war and peace.While the influence of the United States in the South China Sea has been challenged,Sino-US relations have declined,and the situation in the South China Sea has become more complex.In view of this,China should keep restraint,enhance its sense of crisis,make good plans,and enhance political mutual trust with the United States through high-quality diplomatic dialogue.It is necessary for China to speed up negotiations and consultations with ASEAN countries on the Code of Conduct for all parties in the South China Sea,and work with ASEAN countries to safeguard peace and stability in the South China Sea.