中美贸易摩擦中的法律战--从不可靠实体清单制度到阻断办法

中美贸易摩擦有明暗两条主线。明线是两国政府就贸易摩擦所涉议题展开谈判,以期达成协议,解决贸易争端;暗线是中美之间就制裁和反制裁、遏制和反遏制展开的法律战。法律战是中美贸易摩擦所呈现的国家之间的法律和制度之争,是美国法律霸权主义背景下中国参与国际经济治理无法回避和必须回应的法律竞争和法律反遏制。法律战的工具具有多元性,这导致法律战呈现出复杂性。以长臂管辖和次级制裁为主要特征和核心的法律战对于中国完善国内法和参与国际法实践提出了更高的规则和制度要求。以不可靠实体清单制度和阻断办法为代表的法律战需要实体法、程序法、国内法、国际法多重要素的整体配合,才能达到政策目标。

Legal warfare in the US-China Trade Friction:Understanding the Unreliable Entity List System and Blocking Regulations

Two threads run through US-China trade friction: the overt and the covert. The overt is the ongoing negotiations between the two states over the issues involved in the trade friction in order to reach an agreement to solve trade disputes;the covert one is the legal warfare concerning sanction and counter-sanction, containment and counter-containment. The legal warfare is in reality the trade friction reflected in the field of law and system. It is the legal competition that China can’t avoid and the anti-containment that China must respond with, if it is to participate in international economic management against the milieu of America’s legal hegemony. Such legal warfare is complicated with the diversified tools featuring long-arm jurisdiction and secondary sanction, which has raised higher demand for China in improving its domestic law and international legal practice. The so-called unreliable entity list system and blocking regulations, as a response to US entity list system, devised by China to fight back, entails the coordination of substantive law, procedural law, domestic law and international law in order to fulfill its aim.