成本收益理论：腐败与反腐败的机理

腐败者在进行腐败前大都要对自己的行为所可能带来的收益与可能带来的损失进行比较和衡量，即考虑通过腐败究竟能取得什么样的收益和付出什么样的代价？这就是收益与成本的关系。对于每一个“理性的经济人”来说，只有当腐败收益大于腐败成本时，权力拥有者才会铤而走险并运用其手中的权力实施腐败行为；反腐败同样存在成本与效益的问题。腐败的成本收益和反腐败的成本收益，两者有所区别同时也相互依存，腐败者的收益往往包含于反腐败所能得到的收益中，而反腐败成本的提高往往为了提高腐败者的成本。因此想有效的控制或遏制腐败，就应当从提升腐败成本和降低腐败收益，甚至从减少反腐败成本等方面进行全方位的制度性建设。

The theory of Cost and Income:The Mechanism of Corruption and Counter-corruption

The criminal of corruption in the former of corruption mostly must compare and weigh the income which comes from his factum with the loss which comes from his factum.That is to consider income and cost that corruption can bring on earth.This is the relation of the income and the cost.As for "the rational economic man",only when the corruption income is more than the corruption cost,the owner of the power then would take a risk of taking the corruption into practice through the power;the same question about cost and income also exists in counter-corruption.The cost and income of the corruption and the counter-corruption not only have differences,but also depends on each other.The counter-corruption income often contains the criminal of corruption income.However,the enhancement of the counter-corruption cost is usually to enhance the criminal of corruption cost.Therefore,if we want to control or prevent the corruption effectively,we should take measures,such as reducing the corruption income and enhance the corruption cost,even reducing the counter-corruption cost and so on,to carry on the full-scale system construction.