民法基本原则适用的规则——由泸州遗赠纠纷案谈起

民法基本原则是具体法律规范的指导,具有补充具体规范不足的作用。但在具体案件中,只有在没有具体规范或适用具体规范有冲突时才直接适用基本原则处理案件。四川省泸州市两级法院在对著名的"遗赠纠纷案"的判决中都以"违反基本原则"为根据认定遗嘱无效。该判决适用法律不当。为维护法律秩序,我们应当尊重当事人依法处分自己财产的权利。

On Application Rules of Fundamental Principles of Civil Law--Starting with the Controversy over Bequest in Luzhou

The fundamental principles of civil law are guidelines of concrete legal norms and could also serve as the supplement when there is an insufficiency of these norms. However, there are some restrictions with respect to the direct application of these fundamental principles in dealing with civil cases, i.e., when there are no concrete legal norms or the employment of specific legal norms might incur some conflicts. In the famous controversy over bequest in Luzhou, Sichuan province, both the two levels of people' s court have found that the will in this case has been made in the violation of a fundamental principle of civil law, and consequently should be determined invalid. It is argued that such a judgment is improper. This author holds that the right of legally disposing own property of civil parties should be fully respected so as to maintain the legal order.