论“部门利益法制化”的遏制

政府部门立法或人大委托政府部门起草法律法规时，政府部门往往会将自身权利最大化、自身义务最小化，把不正当的部门利益甚至个人利益夹带进来，从而导致部门利益法制化的出现。部门利益法制化使得当前相关的立法质量得不到切实保障。在中央和地方立法中，部门利益容易导致权力与权利关系的不平衡，权力与责任关系的不协调，权利与义务关系的不一致。市场经济带来的一个必然结果，是社会多元化和利益格局多元化，其必然又带来中国立法进程中越来越多的利益博弈。在这样的背景下，如何保持法律法规公正、集中地体现大多数人的意志，遏制“国家权力部门化、部门权力利益化、部门利益法制化”的现象，就成为一个值得关注的问题。而拓宽法律法规起草渠道、规范法律审议程序、立法公开透明化等具体措施可以从源头上防止部门利益法制化。

On the Containment of ＂Legalization of Departmental Interests＂

Government legislation or the National People＇ s Congress delegates government departments when drafting legislation, government departments tend to maximize their rights and to minimize their obligations, entrai- ning the improper departmental interests or even individual interests, which led to ＂department of state power, inter- ests of sector power, departmental interests legalization＂ phenomenon. In the central and local legislation, depart- mental interests easily lead to imbalance and inconsistency in the relationship between power and rights, uncoordinat- ed in the relationship between powers and responsibilities. An inevitable result that brought by the market economy is a pattern of social diversity and the interests of diversity. It inevitably brings more and more interest games in the leg- islative process in China. In this context, how to keep the laws and regulations fair, manifest concentrated the major- ity＇s will, check departmental interests legalization, have become an channels of legislative drafting, regulating the legal review procedure, important issue of concern. Broadening the letting the legislation open and transparent, may prevent the legalization of departmental interests from the source.