“二元协商”模型对我国环境公众参与制度的启示与借鉴

环境公众参与被定位为实现环境民主的具体制度，对其制度现状的审视与制度完善的建议应纳入民主理论框架内。协商民主理论与环境公众参与具有内在关联，完整的协商民主程序应包括公众参与结构性的社会学习和政策制定这两个阶段构成的“二元协商”框架模型，该模型对于完善环境公众参与制度具有借鉴意义。社会学习阶段的审慎民意调查、网络公共论坛和民主恳谈会等形式为公众真正参与环境公共事务进行知识准备和程序训练；公众可以通过公民陪审团和社区环境活动等形式正式参与环境公共政策的制定过程。

Enlightenment and Reference from Dual Negotiation Model to China＇ s Environmental Participation System

Environmental public participation is viewed as a basic principle of environmental law and a con- crete system of realization of the environmental democracy. There have been scattered legislation and practical efforts of environmental public participation in China, while, in whole, its drawbacks exist in leakage of legal basis, legali- zation of rights and procedural provisions. The deliberative democracy theory is inherently connected with environ- mental public participation. An integral deliberative democracy program includes Dual Negotiation model, which has a reference to improve environmental public participation system, consisting of two periods： social study and policy making Prudent opinion polls during social study, network public forum, democratic discussion and other forms pre- pare knowledge and procedural training for the public to genuinely participate in environmental public affairs. What＇ s more, the public can formally participate in the making of environmental public policy through forms such as citi- zens＇juries and community environmental activities.