雇主替代责任在我国未来侵权法中的地位

雇主替代责任是指雇主就其雇员于职责范围内实施的侵权行为对受害人承担的侵权责任。两大法系国家侵权法都对雇主替代责任作出了规定,我国民法通则没有规定雇主承担的替代责任。最高人民法院2003年司法解释虽然规定了雇主替代责任,但其规定存在严重问题,违反了两大法系国家雇主替代责任的基本精神,无法适用我国当前社会发展的需要,对受害人保护不力。我国未来侵权法应当借鉴两大法系国家雇主替代责任方面的成功经验,对雇主替代责任作出明确规定。

The Status of Employer's Substituting Liability in China's Would-be Tort Law

Where the relationship of master and servant exists,the master is liable for the torts of the servant so long as they are committed in the course of the servant's employment.The master's liability is called vicarious liability.Both common law and continental law have express provisions.In China,civil law code has no such provisions.In order to impose liability upon master,Chinese Supreme Court has some juridical explanations of master's vicarious liability.But in view of both common law and continental civil law,there are lots of problems in these juridical explanations.Chinese Torts Law should has some express provisions.