精神分裂症患者病理性“正当防卫”行为的研究

目的探讨病理性防卫对精神分裂症患者凶杀行为的影响及相关犯罪学的特征。方法以61例具有病理性防卫行为的精神分裂症患者凶杀案为研究组,以73例无病理性防卫行为的精神分裂症患者凶杀案为对照组,采用犯罪学调查表进行调查分析。结果具有病理性防卫行为的精神分裂症患者凶杀案中幻觉（χ2=5.69,P〈0.05）及被害妄想（χ2=28.87,P〈0.01）多见;作案动机以病理动机突出（χ2=50.22,P〈0.01）,很少出现现实动机（χ2=15.57,P〈0.01）,案发时行为的紧迫性十分明显（χ2=63.17,P〈0.01）;刑事责任能力评定为无责任能力者明显多于对照组（χ2=16.12,P〈0.01）;疾病诊治情况,研究组未经诊治情况较多见（χ2=5.09,P〈0.05）。结论病理性防卫与正当防卫理论存在某些相同点,在具有病理性防卫行为的凶杀案中,借鉴正当防卫理论,对评定刑事责任能力具有一定的参考价值。

Case-control study of insanity defense behavior in schizophrenic patients

Objective To explore the effects of insanity defense on homicidal and correlated criminal traits in schizophrenic patients. Methods 61 and 73 homicidal schizophrenic patients,with or without insanity defensive behavior,were enrolled into study group and control group,respectively. The investigation was conducted with the criminology questionnaire. Results When committing homicide crimes,as compared to the control group,more schizophrenia patients in the study group experienced hallucination（ χ2= 5. 69,P ＆lt; 0. 05） and persecuted delusion（ χ2= 28. 87,P ＆lt; 0. 01）,were driven by pathological criminal motivation（ χ2= 50. 22, P ＆lt; 0. 01） and without criminal responsibility（ χ2= 16. 12,P ＆lt; 0. 01）,did the killing in emergency（ χ2= 63. 17,P ＆lt; 0. 01）,and did not receive diagnoses and treatments（ χ2= 5. 09,P ＆lt; 0. 05）; only few of them were driven by actual motivation（ χ2= 15. 57,P ＆lt; 0. 01）. Conclusion There are some common points between the theories of insanity defense and self defense. It is of value to refer to the theory of self defense when evaluating the criminal responsibilities in the homicide cases with insanity defense.