从全球女性主义到跨国女性主义--兼论跨国女性主义的知识生产

当前,全球化正以摧枯拉朽之势,冲破民族国家的疆界,迅速改写着地方、国家和地区的意义。对妇女而言,全球化的发展,一方面使超越国家边界的妇女问题迅速攀升,如贫困的女性化,女性移民人口的增长,等等;另一方面也增强了妇女运动在全球范围里的连接,比如联合国的世界妇女大会,跨国NGO妇女组织和因特网。为界定这些全球化的新发展,推动全球范围内妇女运动的发展,自上世纪后期,“全球女性主义”,“跨国女性主义”的概念先后出现。本文将以上世纪70年代之后历次联合国世界妇女大会的实践为开端,进而转入对全球女性主义的思想理念——全球姐妹情谊(globalsisterhood)的分析,然后通过对跨国女性主义的实践和理论的介绍,进一步考察跨国女性主义的知识生产过程的特点。

From Global Feminism to Transnational Feminism--Concurrently on the Knowledge Output of Transnational Feminism

Currently, globalization is breaking through the borders of nations with the momentum of an avalanche and fastly rewriting the definition of place, state and region. In respect of women, the progress of globalization on the one hand rapidly uplifts the transnational women's problems such as women's impoverishment, the increase of female immigrants, etc. On the other hand, it boosts the link-up of women's movement worldwide, for example the UN World Conference on Women, the transnational NGO women's organization, and the internet. To define these new globalization developments and push women's movement forward on the global scale, the concepts of "global feminism" and "transnational feminism" cropped up one after the other in the later stage of the 20th century. This essay examines the characteristics of the knowledge output process of transnational feminism, beginning with the successive UN World Conferences on Women after the 1970s, coupled with an analysis of the global feminist idea of global sisterhood and an introduction to the theory and practice of transnational feminism.