法律社会学的定位问题:Max Weber与Hans Kelsen的比较

德国社会学家韦伯(Max Weber,1864-1920)与奥地利法学家凯尔森(Hans Kelsen,1881-1973)对"法律社会学"(Rechtssoziologie,sociology of law)的定位存在异同。他们一个从社会学家的立场,一个从法学家的立场,探讨了"法律社会学"在19世纪末叶跟着社会学(Soziologie)一起诞生的时候,究竟应该如何对这新兴的学问加以定位的问题。他们两位都是法学家出身,同样受到当时哲学思潮新康德主义(Neukantianismus)的影响,主张划分"实然"(Sein)与"应然"(Sollen),也同样对促进德语世界法律社会学的诞生有积极贡献的"自由法学派"(Freirechtle-hre)与奥地利法律社会学家艾利希(Eugen Ehrlich,1862-1922)提出了批评意见,但是他们对于"法律社会学"这门新兴的学科,却还是有不完全相同的定位。

Status Quo of Sociology of Law: A Comparative Study of Max Weber and Hans Kelsen

Max Web,a German sociologist(1854-1920),and Hans Kelsen,an Austria Jurist(1881-1973),differed in opinion as to the status quo of sociology of law.The former,from a sociologist's view and the latter standing on a jurist's position explored the status of sociology of law in the end of the 19th century when the subject was newly established with sociology.There were many similarities between the two persons:both were jurists,were influenced by the philosophical ideas of new Kantianism,stressed the demarcation of Sein and Sollen,and had criticism not only to Freirechtlehre(free school of law),which contributed a great deal to the emergence of sociology of law in German-speaking countries,but also to Austrian legal sociologist Eugen Ehrlich.Nevertheless,they varied in their opinions toward the status of the newly-appearing subject sociology of law.