论不被强迫自证其罪原则与如实回答义务的冲突与平衡

新刑事诉讼法在规定“任何人不被强迫自证其罪”原则的同时，又保留了1996年刑事诉讼法原有“应当如实回答”的规定，两者抵牾，必将导致司法实践中的困惑和冲突。必须认真对待两者的冲突，顺应刑事诉讼自身发展的规律，以刑事诉讼法“尊重和保障人权”规定的实现为导向，兼顾司法实践需求，降低法律自身的冲突，避免不被强迫自证其罪这一法律原则落空，应提升法官的心证能力，去除对口供的路径依赖心理，实现从人证到物证侦查模式的转变，强化非法证据排除规则、降低非法获取口供的诱因，以实现对两者冲突的平衡。

A Discussion on the Conflict and Balance between Principle of Unforced Self-Incrimination and Obligation of Telling the Truth

While the new Criminal Procedure Law regulates the principle of ＂unforced self-incrimination＂, it also retains the regulation of ＂telling the truth＂ in the criminal procedure law of version 1996. Both conflict with each other and will necessarily result in the confusing and conflict in judicial practice. Attention must be given to the conflict. We should comply with the development rule of criminal procedure, treat the regulation a- bout ＂ respect and guarantee human rights＂ in criminal procedure law as the direction, take care of the demand of judicial practice, and reduce the conflict of law to avoid the failure of this legal principle of unforced self-in- crimination. The mental evaluation of judge should be improved lowering down the dependence to oral confes- sion and embody the transformation of investigation from testimony of witness to physical evidence, enhancing exclusive rule of illegal evidence and reduce the incentive to obtain illegal oral confession so as to balance the conflict of both regulations.