缅甸罗兴亚人问题的视差——历史、现状与症结分析

有关罗兴亚人问题的研究,因对其族群的产生、概念和境遇有不同视角的见解,故形成了缅甸罗兴亚人问题的视差。①由于视差长期存在并日渐歧异化,罗兴亚人问题的来龙去脉难以真正厘清,并在缅甸转型的背景下形成新的碰撞和冲突。罗兴亚人问题的症结除了缅甸主体大缅族主义和佛教中心主义对罗兴亚人穆斯林群体的偏见与排斥、缅甸转型与政局变动导致的罗兴亚群体日益边缘化、社交媒体发展助长的仇恨蔓延等,还在于视差影响下缅甸国内滋生的"穆斯林恐惧症"情绪以及缅甸主体民族与罗兴亚人及其国际支持者的压力对抗。罗兴亚人问题虽然在缓慢推进,但罗兴亚人孜孜以求的"生存空间"却没有得到相应改善,其前景仍令人堪忧。

Parallax in the Rohingya Issues Myanmar: An analysis on History,Current Status and Crux

Studies related to Myanmar Rohingya issues, with different perspectives towards the origin, conception and experiences of Rohingya group, have led to the parallax visions. These parallax visions have, with their long-term existing and dividing from each other, enhanced the difficulty of clarifying the causes and effects of Rohingya issues, and have witnessed more new clashes and conflicts under the background of Myanmar's transformation. The crux of the problem lies in the prejudice and exclusion of the main body of Myanmar, the great Burmese nationalism and Buddhist centralism towards the Muslim community of the Rohingya people, the increasing marginalization of the Rohingya group caused by Myanmar's transformation and political changes, and the spread of hatred fueled by the development of social media, etc. Besides, the following factors could be of more concern: the growing Islamaphobia from domestic Myanmar and the increasing antagonism between Myanmar ethnic majority and the Rohingya group together with its international supporters. Despite the crisis resolution process being pushed forward with slow pace, the "living space" that Rohingya group has been striving for has not been improved correspondingly. Rohingyas are still facing a worrisome future.