从男性气概的改造到促进男性参与

在推进社会性别平等的过程中,男性自身参与的愿望仍然非常不够.应该从制度和个人两方面鼓励男性参与.男性气概是多样的,支配性男性气概是可以被改造的,改造支配性男性气概将在个人层面上直接促成男性参与.笔者提出"男性觉悟"、"男性解放"、"男性觉悟二重性"等概念,主张应该唤起男性觉悟,认识到传统的支配性男性气概对男人和女人的共同伤害,使得男性积极主动地颠覆支配性男性气概,进而同女性携手推进性别平等.但这种觉悟与解放应该同时认识到父权文化和体制对女性的压迫比对男性的压迫更重,才能保证其对两性平等的推进.同时,作者以生殖健康领域为例,说明支配性男性气概的改变将如何影响到男性在生殖健康领域的积极参与.

From Reconstructing Masculinities to Promoting Male Participation

In the process of advancing gender equality,men's participation is still inadequate.This paper puts forward that male participation should be encouraged both institutionally and individually.At the individual level,male characteristics can be multi-faceted and the controlling type of male characteristic should be reconstructed,especially with men's participation.This paper discusses such concepts as "male consciousness","male emancipation","dual aspects of male consciousness" and calls for men's awareness of impacts of their machismo attitudes on both women and men.Thus men may actively overturn machismo on their own initiative,and further advance gender equality with women.While,only when such consciousness and emancipation be based on the awareness of the fact that,under patriarchal culture and system,women bear greater oppression can the advance of gender equality be guaranteed.This paper takes reproductive health as an example to demonstrate how the overturn of machismo encourages male participation.