政府创新：社会资本视角

社会资本理论是研究政府与公民、民主与信任等之间关系的一种新范式。布迪厄从微观层面上将社会资本概括为一种资源集合;科尔曼从中观层面上将社会资本概括为一种社会结构;帕特南从宏观层面上将社会资本概括为一种价值规范。从本质上讲,政府创新是一个政府与社会互动的过程,与社会资本之间存在内在的结构性关联。社会资本是政府创新的基本变量,其中的信任因素是政府创新合法性的重要来源,支持信念因素是政府创新的基本条件,参与网络因素是政府创新的重要基础。在社会资本视角下进行政府创新的途径在于加强社会制度建设,实现传统社会资本的现代转型;支持公民参与网络建设,培育公共精神和发展基层民主;培育第三部门力量,以转变政府职能和增强政府能力。

The Government Innovation from the View of Social Capital

The social capital theory is a new paradigm for studying the relationships between government and citizens, democracy and trust. Bourdieu interpreted social capital as an aggregation of resources at microcosmic range; Coleman interpreted social capital as a social structure at middle range; Putnam interpreted social capital as a value standard at macrocosmic range. Government innovation is essentially a process in which government and society interact with each other, and is related structurally with social capital. Social capital is a basic variable for government innovation, along with three basic factors: trust is a source of legitimacy for government innovation, support belief is a basic factor for government innovation, and participation network is a significant foundation for government innovation. From a view of social capital, the ways to innovate government are to develop social institutions to transform traditional social capital, to develop networks of civic participation by cultivating public spirits and improving grassroots democracy, and to strengthen the Third-sectors to change governmental functions and strengthen governmental capacity.