GATT第15条:汇率义务衡量需提防的陷阱——基于人民币汇率义务问题的探讨

国内外论著在涉及人民币汇率义务的衡量时,普遍指向了GATT第15条,认为应当以此来确定IMF与WTO在人民币汇率义务问题上的管辖归属和衡量依据.然而,GATT第15条仅规定了IMF与WTO在经常账户下的货币兑换和国际支付方面的关系,并没有规定二者在汇率安排问题上的关系,汇率安排属于IMF辖域.西方的指责属于汇率安排问题,人民币汇率义务应由IMF依IMF协定第4条进行监督,而不应由WTO争端解决机制解决.

GATT Art. XV: A Trap for the Measurement of Exchange Rate Obligations A Study Based on Issues Concerning Renminbi Exchange Rate Obligations

Books and articles concerning Renminbi exchange rate at home and abroad are inclined to regard the GATT Art. XV as the jurisdictional and measuring base between IMF and WTO on issues of Renminbi exchange rate. But GATT Art. XV only governs the relations of convertibility and international payment under current accounts between IMF and WTO, and does not apply to the issues of exchange rate arrangements, thus exchange rate arrangements are still the turf of IMF. The accusations of the West belong to the exchange rate arrangement, so Renminbi exchange rate obligations should be under the surveillance of IMF according to Art. IV of IMF Agreement rather than judged by WTO disputes settlement mechanism.