沙俄时期远东的人口与劳动力问题

16世纪中下叶至19世纪中下叶,沙俄夺取了西伯利亚和远东,一跃成为土地辽阔、地跨欧亚两洲的大国。沙俄时期的远东就是其侵占的西伯利亚最东部。远东地区地广人稀,沙俄必须解决当地人口与劳动力极度匮乏的问题,以实现对这一新吞并土地的有效统治。沙俄为此采用了移民、惩处性垦殖等措施来改善远东人口和劳动力状况,使远东地区人口和劳动力有所增加,逐步实现了对该地区的有效占领和控制,但沙俄的东扩是充满暴力和野蛮行径的殖民过程,再加上远东恶劣的环境及沙俄政府移民政策的缺陷,注定了沙俄时期难以有效解决远东人口与劳动力问题。

Population and labor Issues of the Far East during the Tsarist-Russian Period

From the middle and late of the16th century to the middle and late of the 19th century,Tsarist Russia captured Siberia and the Far East.Russia suddenly became a giant country with a vast territory,which covered Europe and Asia.The Far East was the very east of Siberia invaded and occupied during the Tsarist Russia period.Because of the vast land and the small population in Siberia and Far East,the Tsarist Russia had to solve the problem of shortage of manpower so as to have an effective control over the new...