商业银行理财产品若干法律问题探讨

在当前的金融危机中,商业银行理财业务中出现了越来越多的法律纠纷,急需对当事人之间的权利义务和责任风险进行明确划分和适当分配。从法学的角度来看,商业银行理财产品可以分为四类,其中最重要的是非保本浮动收益理财产品,该产品的各方当事人之间是一种信托法律关系。对理财产品应实行"监管分业,产品混业"的管理制度,理财产品的品种不宜过多,应推出标准化的理财产品。银行在理财合同中设定的终止区间,侵害了投资者的合法权益,应认定是无效的。在理财产品的质押问题上,应通过行政法规来弥补《物权法》的不足。在理财产品的诉讼中,只有在银行有过失的情况下,才对理财产品的亏损承担赔偿责任。我国应修改《商业银行法》,将理财业务纳入该法的调整范围。

Legal Problems Concerning Commercial Bank Finance Products

The recent financial crisis has witnessed more and more legal disputes arising out of or pertaining to commercial bank finance products,to settle which the rights and obligations of the parties concerned and the risks they shall assume must be clearly ascertained and determined.From the perspective of law,commercial bank finance products can be divided into four sorts,of which the floating benefit finance product is of the most importance.And between the parties related to the product there exists a trust relationship.While the products can be sold in a mixed way,they should be managed and supervised separately.The types of the products should be limited and those on sale must be standardized.The terminal period fixed by the bank in the finance product contract is deemed an infringement of investors' rights and thus is invalid.As to the pledge of the products,the defects of the Real Right Act shall be made up with administrative regulations.Only a negligent bank may be held in lawsuit to bear the liability to compensate for the failure of finance products.China should amend its Commercial Bank Act to ensure the finance products to fall within the ambit of the Act.