法律实证主义的强立场——兼评拉兹《法律的权威》

在法律与道德的关系上,拉兹认为有效法律的鉴别标准完全排除道德论证,这就是拉兹的渊源论.渊源论表明所有的法律都具有渊源,渊源论的论据来自权威论.权威以理由为基础,是改变行为理由的能力.法律也要主张权威,法律主张合法性权威是它的一个本质特征.权威性理由是排他性理由,排除了道德因素的可能性,权威论支持了渊源论.权威论受到了来自包容性实证主义者和德沃金的批评,他们的争论共同推进了对法律与道德关系问题的研究.

The Strong Stand of Legal Positivism——And review on Raz's The Authority of Law

Regarding the relationship between law and morality,J.Raz thinks that the validity of law doesn't rely on the moral justification.This is Raz's "the sources thesis",which indicates that all the laws have the sources and whose argument comes from the theory of authority.Authority which is based on the reason means the ability to change reasons for action.The law also claims the authority and it is an essential feature of law that law claims legitimate authority.Authoritative reasons are exclusionary reasons and exclude the possibility of the moral considerations,thus the conception of authority sustain the sources thesis.Critiques on the theory of authority come from inclusive legal positivists and Dworkin.Their controversies advance the research on the issue of the relationship between law and morality.