官僚体制的内在缺陷:新公共管理视角的分析

古典官僚制理论认为 ,官僚体制所体现的工具理性与价值理性的冲突是官僚体制自身不可超越的内在困境。在新公共管理的视角下 ,官僚体制不但存在工具理性与价值理性的冲突 ,在工具理性的内部也可能产生冲突 ,它所带来的效率也只是一种相当有限的机械效率。其内在缺陷就是缺乏竞争效率和创新机制 ,在政策制定和公共利益认定上偏离了原定的目标

The Inherent Defect in the Bureaucracy

The classic bureaucracy theory holds that the conflict between instrument reason and value reason, embodied in the bureaucracy, is an insurmountable inherent dilemma. The bureaucracy, according to the new public management, not only begets such a conflict, but conflicts might arise within the instrument reason itself. The efficiency brought about by the bureaucracy is only a rather limited mechanical one. Its inherent deficiency lies in the lack of competition efficiency and innovation mechanism on the one hand, and the deviation from its original objective in policy making and in defining public interests on the other.