论不作为犯的法定性与相似性

不作为犯罪的范围到底有多大?本文在排查九万多份刑事判决和逐一梳理现行刑法全部罪名的基础上提出:不纯正不作为犯的概念在形式上没有法律依据,内容上无法具体给出不作为犯与作为犯之间等价性的判断标准,还使得一些罪名的归类遭遇困境。笔者研究发现了41个法定不作为犯,将其分为充要不作为犯、必要不作为犯、选择不作为犯和混合不作为犯。在此基础上,本文还在比较研究的基础上提出了法定不作为犯罪的经验定义,为依法限缩刑法义务的范围提供参照物。

A Discussion on Legality and Similarity of Crimes of Omission

What is the scope of the crime of omission? On the basis of surveying ninth thousand criminal verdicts and discussing individual crimes in the existing criminal law,this article proposes that the concept of non-typical crimes of omission lacks legal basis in form and is unable to provide detailed criteria equally distinguishing crimes of omission from other crimes in content,making the classification of some crimes encounter dilemma.The author finds after research 41 statutory crimes of omission,and classifies them into sufficient crime of omission,necessary crime of omission,optional crime of omission and mixed crime of omission.Based on the above,this article also conducts a comparative study and proposes experience definition of the statutory crime of omission to provide reference for legally narrowing the scope of criminal liabilities.