民事诉讼时效制度的正当化理由探析

诉讼时效制度的正当化理由仅在于保护不应再履行义务的债务人。这本是德国民法早已解决的问题,但在我国却总结出督促权利人行使权利、稳定社会秩序、方便案件审理、利于物尽其用四大理由。有学者更夸张地列出减少纠纷、保护一般债务人、保护债权人、保护第三人、进行市场调节等项理由,并牵强地与公平原则和诚实信用原则相联系。诉讼时效制度正当化理由的原理还包括其必然性根源和负面性影响等内容。这些原理对审判实践有重要的指导意义。

A Probe on the Proper Excuse in the System of Limitation of Actions

The proper excuse in the system of limitation of actions is only used to protect the debtors who ought not to fulfill their responsibilities.This issue has already been settled in German civil laws for a long time,but some scholars in China exaggerate its functions in that it can supervise and urge the obligee to execute power,maintain social order,be convenient for the trail of cases and make the best use of everything.The proper excuse in the system of limitation of actions includes its necessary origin and negative influence,etc.Such theories are instructive in judicial practice.