论认罪认罚从宽制度中被追诉人的反悔权

被追诉人的反悔权是否应当设立、如何设立,在认罪认罚从宽制度的实施中备受争议。无论从司法文明、司法契约角度,还是从制度本身,以及实体和程序要求,反悔权的设置均是认罪认罚从宽制度的应有之义。反悔权是专属于被追诉人的权利,在行使时可能导致权利滥用、司法效率降低和资源的浪费,但对认罪认罚从宽制度的推行以及被害人利益的救济其实并无实质性负面影响,而在当前司法环境并未给被追诉人多少“反悔适用空间”的情况下,反悔权应作为一项诉权被一般性认可,而非作为例外适用。因此,对反悔权的限制也不应当过大,而应针对由反悔权产生的具体矛盾,主要在适用前提、适用时间以及适用次数上进行限制。

On the Right of Repentance of the Prosecuted in the System of Leniency for Guilty Pleas and Punishment Acceptance

Whether and how to set up the right of repentance of the prosecuted in the system of leniency for guilty pleas and punishment acceptance is controversial.No matter from the perspective of judicial civilization,judicial contract,or from the system itself,as well as the entity and procedure requirements,the establishment of the right of repentance of the prosecuted is the due meaning of the system.The right of repentance is the exclusive right of the prosecuted,which may lead to the abuse of power,the decrease of judicial efficiency and the waste of resources,but it has no substantial negative impact on the implementation of the system and the relief of the interests of the victim.In the current judicial environment,the right of repentance should be generally recognized as a right of action,instead of being applied as an exception.Therefore,the limitation on the right should be restricted mainly in the application premise,time and frequency for the specific contradictions arising from the right of repentance.