英美两国对精神病人刑事责任能力评判的演变

司法精神病学是法学的一个分支学科,其诞生和演变与法学的主旋律始终保持一致。精神障碍者刑事责任能力问题是司法精神病学的主要构成部分,英国1843年的麦克·纳顿条例是专门就精神障碍者刑事责任能力问题的法律规定,它对英美法系和大陆法系国家的相关立法都产生了巨大深远的影响。美国最近20多年处理违法精神病人的法律改革对现代诸国的司法精神病学完善具有相当大的影响力,所以研究英美两个国家这一方面的司法精神病学的历史和现状对推动我国司法精神病学的进步意义重大。

Evolution in Evaluating the Ability of Criminal Liability of the Mentally Disabled in UK and USA

As a branch of legal science,forensic psychiatry is always keeping pace with the major melody of law.The ability of criminal liability of the mentally disabled is a major part of forensic psychiatry.The British M' Naughten Rule in 1843,dedicating stipulations to the ability of criminal liability of the mentally disabled,has great influence in the world.American legal reform on such a topic also has left great impact on many countries in recent 20 years.In order to improve China's forensic psychiatry,we must conduct research on the history and pre- sent situation of American and British forensic psychiatry.