论制宪权的概念--兼论中国历史上的几次立宪活动

制宪权是宪法制定和运行的前提 ,但传统制宪权理论并未准确揭示其权力属性、内涵和外延。根据制宪权的性质可以判定 :制宪权形成的条件包括国家政治统一、制宪过程民主、以立宪为直接目的等 ,而且制宪权的关键在“定”而非“制”,即制宪权作为一种权力的本质内涵在于能够使宪法产生规范效力。与此相适应 ,制宪权主体构成在体制上可分单一制和复合制两种 ,在具体形态上则更为复杂多样。

On the concept of the Right of Constitutional Legislation

As the precondition of the legislation and function of the Constitution, the traditional theory of right of constitutional legislation has not defined exactly the nature, intension and extension of this right. Judged by its nature, the right of constitutional legislation, as one kind of the rights, shows the intension of allowing the Constitution to bring forth its normative efficacy. Accordingly, its main body can be divided into the single and the compound and its concrete form are more complex.