沉默权的价值取向问题研究

一定历史的传统、民族文化通常会对一个国家的法律制度产生深刻的影响,左右其价值选择。资本主义社会的以人为本、个人权利至上的法律文化观念推动了以体现程序正义和人权保障为价值取向的沉默权制度的确立。而近年来,英美国家对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的沉默权加以重大限制,则是立法者对其价值取向加以调整的结果。在受传统法律文化影响根深蒂固的中国,沉默权制度被列入立法议程尚需假以时日。

On Value Orientation of the Right to Silence

A certain historical tradition and national culture usually can deeply influence the legal system of a country and dominate its value choice. The concept of law that takes man as fundamentality and individual right is supreme in capitalist society pushed the establishment of the sytem of silent right for value orientation which embodies procedural justice and human rights safeguard. In recent years, to limit forcefully the right to silence on the suspact and the defendant in England and America, which was the result of adjustment to the value of the system by the legislator. Where the influence of legal culture of tradition has deep roots in China,it will be a while for the system of silent right to be listed into the agenda of the legislation.