我国公务员聘任制的生成机理及变迁逻辑研究

作为公务员管理制度体系的重要组成部分,公务员聘任制的平稳运行有利于深化公务员管理体制改革,优化公务员队伍结构,从而提高国家治理能力。文章以制度为核心分析变量,阐述了我国公务员聘任制从制度萌芽-制度探索-制度发展的变迁历程及特征形式,并重点糅合历史制度主义和结构-行动者两种理论视角,展现了公务员聘任制的产生与变迁动因。环境压力、配套制度等结构因素与政治相关者等行为因素相互交织、共同作用推进了公务员聘任制的生成发展,且在变迁过程中表现为层叠式的渐进特征。未来需要以需求为导向精准招聘,推进项目型聘任制,强化分类管理措施,完善激励机制,从而为推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化贡献人才和制度优势。

Research on the Formation Mechanism and Changing Logic of Civil Servant Appointment System in China

As an important part of the civil service management system in China,the smooth operation of the civil servant appoint-ment system is conducive to deepening the reform of the cadre and personnel system,so as to improve the national governance capacity.Taking institution as the key element,our research elaborates the history and the characteristics of China`s civil servant appointment sys-tem.From the perspective of historical institutionalism and structure-actor analysis method,our research shows the emergence and change of the civil servant appointment system.The civil servant appointment system is promoted by both structural factors(e.g.environ-mental pressures and supporting systems)and behavioral factors(e.g.political stakeholders),and shows a kind of laying characteristics in the process of institutional change.In the future,it is necessary to take demand-oriented recruitment,promote project-based employment system,strengthen classified management measures,and improve the incentive mechanism,so as to contribute to the modernization of na-tional governance system and governance capacity.