比较优势与赶超战略

比较优势既然是贸易分工的基础,那么比较优势的变化必然会引起贸易分工格局的变化。经济“赶超”与比较优势的动态变化密切相关,包括“顺势赶超”、“逆势赶超”和“等势赶超”三种典型的方式。比较优势的逆转条件表明,后进国家很容易通过“模仿”活动实现“逆势赶超”。但这种“赶超”方式的经济效应,是对后进赶超国单方面有利,而对被赶超的先进国有害。先进国家最积极的反“逆超”策略是支持和帮助后进国家进行“顺势赶超”。这种“赶超”方式具有“双赢”经济效应。

Comparative Advantage and Economical Overtaking Strategy

ID: 1672-6162(2004)04-0065-EAAbstract: Since comparative advantage determines trade division, then the change of comparative advantage is bound to cause the change of the trade division situation. Economic Overtaking, which is inherently related with comparative advantage, includes three typical styles: Upon-comparative-advantage Overtaking, Against-comparative-advantage Overtaking, and Equal-comparative-advantage Overtaking. The overturn condition of comparative advantage indicates that it is very easy for a developing country to realize Against-comparative-advantage Overtaking by imitation activities, the economic effect of which is only to do good to the developing overtaker but do harm to the developed advancer. The most positive strategy of the advancer to prevent the Against-comparative-advantage Overtaking of the overtaker is to support and help the overtaker to realize Upon-comparative-advantage Overtaking, which will promisingly produce a "win-win" economic effect.