从隔阂到建交:一九四九年至一九六四年的中法关系

1964年,中华人民共和国与法国建立外交关系。中法建交对冷战格局有重要影响,它代表了中法两国联手挑战美苏在世界事务中的主导地位。为什么法国在1949年就表示愿意承认中华人民共和国,但中法建交拖到1964年才实现?导致1964年中法建交的因素是什么?本文利用中国外交部档案馆新近解密的文件,梳理1949年至1964年间中法关系演变的脉络,考察中国领导人对法国态度的变化,分析他们最终决定与法国建交的战略动机和考虑。

From Estrangement to Normalization:Sino-French Relations in 1949—1964

In 1964, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and France established diplomatic relations. This event had a major impact on the structure of the Cold War. It represented the joint effort of China and France to challenge the domination of world affairs by the United States and the Soviet Union. Given the fact that France had indicated its intention to recognize the PRC as early as 1949, why was the Sino-French normalization delayed to 1964? What were the reasons behind the establishment of diplomatic ties between the PRC and France in 1964? Drawing upon newly released documents from the Chinese Foreign Ministry Archive, this article traces the evolution of Sino-French relations from 1949 to 1964, examines the evolving views of France by Chinese leaders, and analyzes the strategic calculations and considerations in their decision to establish diplomatic relations with France.